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Abstract

IL-5 and interferon-γ responses were investigated in mitogen-stimulated whole-blood cultures from HIV patients with and without Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease, to determine whether an imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines contributes to susceptibility to M. tuberculosis disease or to immune restoration disease (IRD) associated with M. tuberculosis after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART). Interferon-γ levels were constant on ART, whilst IL-5 levels generally rose over time. We suggest that increased IL-5 production reflects a recovery of CD4⁺ T cell function and that a Th1/Th2 imbalance is not associated with increased susceptibility to M. tuberculosis disease or IRD associated with M. tuberculosis upon starting ART.

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Interferon-γ and IL-5 Production Correlate Directly in HIV Patients Co-Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with or without Immune Restoration Disease

Abstract

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