Abstract
A high diversity within the HR1/HR2 regions of viral gp41 and one natural change (N42D) within the 36–45 aa domain in HIV-1 group O in comparison with HIV-1 group M isolates have led us to suspect that enfuvirtide(ENF) should not be active against HIV-1 group O. We analyzed in vitro and in vivo the antiviral activity of ENF against HIV-1 group O isolates. The IC50 at baseline was 0.15 ± 0.028 µg/ml in a clinically derived virus specimen. After initiating treatment with ENF, a significant decline in plasma HIV-RNA and CD4 gain was noticed in one patient. Therefore, individuals with HIV-1 group O strains might benefit from ENF therapy.
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