Ultrasound Measurement of a Single Acupuncture Point with Respect to De Qi: An Observational Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Abstract

Background:

The De Qi experience is a poorly understood phenomenon. Quantification of the exact depth of this unique acupuncture-related sensation at a known acupoint will enable a better understanding of the physical properties of De Qi.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to quantify the depth at which De Qi is experienced with a single needle insertion according to acupuncturist and patient perceptions.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational cross-sectional study, in the School of Physiotherapy outpatient clinic located within the University of Otago, on 21 healthy volunteers. Ethical consent was obtained from the University of Otago's Human Ethics Committee. A fine filiform needle was inserted into the acupoint Gallbladder (GB) 34 and rotated until De Qi was established according to usual clinical guidelines.

Main Outcome Measures:

The outcome measure was the depth (mm) of needle penetration at the point of De Qi registration measured from the tip of the in-situ acupuncture needle relative to the most superficial layer of the epidermis using a 7.5-MHz digital ultrasound (focal depth 3.23 cm) with an out-of-plane imaging technique.

Results:

The mean depth of De Qi at GB 34 was 18.98±3.65 mm, ranging from 13.32 mm to 25.18 mm.

Conclusions:

The depth at which De Qi is experienced at GB 34 is variable, although, on average, the depth is more superficial than that recommended in current acupuncture texts for this particular acupoint.