Case Report: Mastitis Due to Mycobacterium avium Complex in an HIV-Infected Woman Taking Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Abstract

Although infection with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is common in HIV-infected patients with CD4⁺ T cell counts less than 100/mm³, localized infection of the breast is uncommon. A brief literature review of mastitis from atypical mycobacteria is presented, along with the first reported case of localized MAC infection of the nonaugmented breast in an HIV-infected woman taking highly active antiretroviral therapy.