Relation of CD30 Molecules on T-Cell Subsets to the Severity of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Abstract

The prognosis of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) varies. To clarify the immunologic differences among patients with various severities of AITD, we examined two types of molecules on peripheral T lymphocytes: CD195 (CCR5), which express dominantly on CD4⁺ type 1 helper T (T_H1) cells, and CD30, which is known as a marker of CD4⁺ type 2 helper T (T_H2) cells and a regulatory molecule of CD8⁺ autoreactive cytotoxic T cells. We found presence of patients with high proportion (> 9%) of CD30 expression in CD4⁺ cells in a group of patients with Graves' disease (GD) in remission compared to the patients with intractable GD and a decrease in the intensity of CD30 expression on CD8⁺ cells from patients with severe Hashimoto's disease (HD) treated for hypothyroidism compared to patients with untreated and euthyroid HD. There was no difference in CD195 expression between these patients with GD or HD with different severities, but there was a decreased intensity of CD195⁺ cells in thyrotoxic patients with GD. These results indicate that CD30 molecules on CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells may be related to the severities of GD and HD, respectively.