The Tragic Case of Jodie and Mary: Questions about Separating Conjoined Twins

For background on this case see Thomasma David C. “The Ethics of Caring for Conjoined Twins: The Lakeburg Twins,” Hastings Center Report 26, no. 4 (1996) 4–12

Chisholm Roderick “The Structure of Intention.” The Journal of Philosophy 67 (1970): 636.

Philosophers have also contested this view for other reasons. See Boyle Joseph M. Jr. , and Sullivan Thomas D. “The Diffusiveness of Intention: A Counter-Example,” Philosophical Studies 31 (1977): 358; Christopher Kaczor, “Distinguishing Intention from Foresight: What is Included in Means to an End,” International Philosophical Quarterly XLI, No. 1, (March 2001): 77-89.

Kennedy Thomas D. “Shall We Do Evil… The British Siamese Twin Dilemma,” A Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity Paper, http://www.cbhd.org/resources/aps/tdkcommentl.htm, p. 3

Wallace C.J. M.D. “Transplantation of Ectopic Pregnancy from Fallopian Tube to Cavity of Uterus,” Surgery, Gynecology, and Obstetrics 24 (1917): 578–579; L. Shettles, “Tubal Embryo Successfully Transplanted in Utero,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 163 (1990): 20-26. In an article in preparation at this writing. Dr. John O'Neill has reported four other cases more recently.

Kennedy Thomas D. “Shall We Do Evil… The British Siamese Twin Dilemma,” A Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity Paper http://www.cbhd.org/resources/aps/tdkcommentl.htm, pg. 4.

For a defense of this view, see Kaczor Christopher “Distinguishing Intention from Foresight: What is Included in Means to an End,” International Philosophical Quarterly XLI, No. 1, (March 2001): 77–89.

May William “Why the Parents of Jodie and Mary Were Right,” Our Sunday Visitor (October 15, 2000): 23.

Ward Lord Justice Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 4.2; the same reasoning is found in the index to the judgment of Lord Justice Brooke, Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 15 and Lord Justice Robert Walker, Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 31.

Ward Lord Justice Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 34.

Brooke Lord Justice Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 34.

Brooke Lord Justice Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 9.

Gury Jean P. Compendium theologiae moralis, 1874, vol. 1, c.2, n.9, pg. 5.

Ward Lord Justice Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 11.

Murphy-O'Connor Archbishop A Submission by Archbishop Murphy O'Connor, Archbishop of Westminster, to the court of appeal in the case of Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A and Re a Child, 17. For the full submission see: http://www.westminsterdiocese.org.uk/arch/subtwins.htm

A Submission by Archbishop Murphy O'Connor, 3.

May William “Criteria for Withholding or Withdrawing Treatment,” 57.3 Linacre Quarterly (1990): 88.

Drger Alice Domurat “The Limits of Individuality: Ritual and Sacrifice in the Lives and Medical Treatment of Conjoined Twins,” Studies in the History of Philosophical Biology and the Biomedical Sciences vol. 29, no. 1 (1998) 1–29.

Walker Lord Justice Robert Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A section 28.

Central Manchester Healthcare Trust vs. Mr. and Mrs. A 14, p. 21.