“New Age” Embryology Text Books: Implications for Fetal Research

Moore , Keith L. , and Persaud T.V.N. (eds), The Developing Human (5th ed.), (Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1993): will be compared with Moore Keith L. (ed.), The Developing Human (3rd ed.), (Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1982).

Kischer C. Ward , and Irving Dianne N. , “A new wave dialectic: The reinvention of human embryology and a futuristic philosophy for humanity”, in progress.

For discussions on the scientific invalidity of the term “pre-embryo” see: Kischer C. Ward , “Human development and reconsideration of ensoulment”, Linacre Quarterly 60: 1 (Feb. 1993), 57-63; Irving, Dianne N., Philosophical and Scientific Analysis of the Nature of the Early Human Embryo (doctoral dissertation, Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University, 1991), 134-149; Irving, “Philosophical and scientific expertise: An evaluation of the arguments on ‘personhood'”, Linacre Quarterly 60: 1 (Feb. 1993), 18-46; Irving, “The impact of scientific ‘misinformation’ on other fields: Philosophy, theology, biomedical ethics, public policy”, Accountability in Research 2: 4 (April 1993), 243-272; LeJeune, Jerome (testimony) Davis vs Davis, Circuit Court for Blount County, State of Tennessee at Maryville, Tennessee (1989); Carberry, James J. and Douglas W. Kmiec, “How law denies science”, Human Life Review 18: 4 (1992), 105; Fisher, Anthony, “Individuogensis and a recent book by Fr. Norman Ford”, Anthropotes 2 (1991), 199ff. For discussions on the philosophical and theological invalidity of the term “pre-embryo” see: Irving, Fisher (above), and Ashley, Benedict, “Delayed hominization: Catholic theological perspectives”, The Interaction of Catholic Bioethics and Secular Society, R.F. Smith (ed.) (Braintree, MA: The Pope John Center, 1992), 163-180; Benedict Ashley, “A Critique of the theory of delayed moninization” in D.G. McCarthy, A.D. Moraczewski (eds.), An Ethical Evaluation of Fetal Experimentations: An Interdisciplinary Study (St. Louis, MO: The Pope John Center, 1976), 113-133; Grisez, Germain, “When do people begin?”, Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 63 (1990), 27-47; Howespian, A.A., “Who or what are we”?. Review of Metaphysics 45 (March 1992), 483-502; May, William E., “Zygotes, embryos, and persons”, Ethics and Medics, Part I 16: 10 (Oct. 1991): Regan A., “The human conceptus and personhood”, Studia Moralis 30 (1992), 97-127.

Warwick R. , Nomina Anatomica (6th ed.), includes Nomina Embryologica (3rd ed.), (Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1989).

Ethics Advisory Board, 1979, Report and Conclusion: HEW Support of Research Involving Human in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer, Wahington, D.C.: United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare, p. 101.

Warnock Dame Mary , Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilization and Embryology, (London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office, 1984), 27, 63.

Commonwealth of Australia, Select Senate Committee on the Human Embryo Experimentation Bill, (Canberra, Australia: Official Hansard Report, Commonwealth Government Printer, 1986).

Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, On the Use of Human Embryos and Foetuses for Diagnostic, Therapuetic, Scientific, Industrial and Commercial Purposes, Recommendation 1046, 1986; and On the use of Human Embryos and Foetuses in Scientific Research, Recommendation 1000, 1989.

Ethics Committee of the American Fertility Society, “Ethical Considerations of the New Reproductive Technologies”, Fertility and Sterility (Supplement 1, 1986) 46: 27S.

Jones Howard W. , “And just what is a preembryo?”, Fertility and Sterility 52: 189–91; Also Jones and C. Schroder, “The process of human fertilization: Implications for moral status”, Fertility and Sterility 48: 2 (August 1987), 192.

Robertson John A. , “Extracorporeal embryos and the abortion debate”, Journal of Contemporary Health Law and Policy 2: 53 (1986), 53-70.

Grobstein Clifford , “The early development of human embryos”, Journal of Medicine and Philosophy (1985) 10: 213–236; also Science and the Unborn (New York: Basic Books, 1988), 61.

McCormick , Richard S.J. , “Who or what is the preembryo?”, Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 1: 1 (1991), 14.

McCormick , Richard S.J. , “Who or what is the pre-embryo?”, Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal (1991) 1: 1.

Moore (1993), 5th edition, 11–12.

O'Rahilly Ronan , and Muller Fabiola , Human Embryology and Teratology (New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992), 55.

Stedman's Medical Dictionary (Baltimore: Williams and Wilkens, 1990).

Larsen William J. , Human Embryology (New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1993).

Patten Bradley , Human Embryology (3rd ed.) (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968), 49.

Kischer C. Ward (1993), 57–63.

McCormick (1991), 3; Grobstein (1985), 213-236.

Englehardt H.T. , The Foundations of Bioethics (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985), 111; Tooley, Michael, “Abortion and Infanticide”, in The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, M. Cohen et al (ed.) (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1974), 59, 64.

Singer Peter , and Kuhse Helga , “The ethics of embryo research”, Law, Medicine and Health Care 14: 13–14 (1987); Kuhse and Singer, “For sometimes letting - and helping - die”, Law, Medicine and Health Care 3: 40 (1986), 149-153; Kuhse and Singer, Should The Baby Live? The Problem of Handicapped Infants (Oxford University Press, 1985), 138; Singer, Peter, “Taking life: abortion”, in Practical Ethics (London: Cambridge University Press, 1981), 122-123.

Moore Keith L. , The Developing Human (Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1982), 1; Jones, D. Gareth, “Brain birth and personal identity,” Journal of Medical Ethics 15: 4 (1989).

National Advisory Board on Ethics in Reproduction, 409 12th Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20024-2188.

Code of Federal Regulations 45CFR46, OPRR Reports “Protection of Human Subjects”, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Office for Protection From Research Risks, 1983 (revised 1989, 1991), 12.

Code of Federal Regulations 45CFR46, OPRR Reports “Protection of Human Subjects”, 12.