Correctional Officers' Perceptions of Inmates with Mental Illness: The Role of Training and Burnout Syndrome

Abstract

This study was designed to examine correctional officers' (COs') perceptions of offenders with mental disorders (MDOs) in relation to non-disordered offenders, patients with mental illness, and the general public as a replication of research conducted by Kropp, Cox, Roesch, and Eaves (1989). The objective was to investigate i) the nature of COs' perceptions and how they have changed over time, ii) the type of training officers receive to manage MDOs, and iii) the impact of training and burnout on perceptions towards the four target groups. Results indicated that while perceptions toward MDOs have become increasingly positive over time, this group continues to be viewed unfavorably relative to other non-incarcerated populations. Compared to non-disordered offenders, officers held more positive attitudes toward MDOs. Training specifically related to mental illness was associated with more positive perceptions of MDOs. Emotional exhaustion predicted poorer perceptions of MDOs. Depersonalization predicted poorer perceptions of non-disordered offenders. Officers advocated the need for supplementary training to effectively manage MDOs.