A dual-circulation testing system was constructed to study the effect of heat flux density (q, −22.28 ∼ +22.54 kW m−2) on the corrosion of an Al–Cu–Mg–Mn alloy in 0.5 M H2SO4 at a constant metal surface temperature (50°C) under different controlling heat transfer states. Their heat transfer parameters were determined quantitatively by COMSOL simulation to keep them except q in constant, highlighting the influence of q on metal corrosion. Compared with the q = 0 condition, the positive heat flux (q > 0) improved the surface layer performance of the Al alloy to inhibit its anodic corrosion process, decreasing its corrosion current density (icorr) by 56% with increasing q to 22.54 kW m−2. While q < 0, the opposite effect occurred, increasing its icorr by 52% at q = −22.28 kW m−2. Heat flux also changed the corrosion reaction's apparent effective activation energy (Ea) and pre-factor, and Ea played a dominating role in changing icorr.
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