In the present study, a novel task-specific benzimidazolium ionic liquid with silyl substitution was synthesised and successfully introduced as a corrosion inhibitor. The inhibitory effect of 2-benzyl-1-butyl-3-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazolium chloride (BTOSPB) in HCl solution on steel corrosion was evaluated by electrochemical measurement and surface studies including scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS and EDX results prove the presence of BTOSPB in the formed film on the metal surface, and its binding to the surface. Electrochemical impedance investigations indicated the prominent inhibitive performance of BTOSPB with an efficiency of 99.6%. According to the polarisation curves, BTOSPB is a mixed-type inhibitor with higher efficiency at higher temperatures and higher corrosive environment acidity. The results indicate that excellent inhibition efficiency was attained even in harsh conditions such as elevated temperature, long exposure time, and harder acidity of the solution.
ZhangFTangYCaoZ. Performance and theoretical study on corrosion inhibition of 2-(4-pyridyl)-benzimidazole for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. Corros Sci. 2012; 61: 1–9.
2.
SastriVSGhaliEElboujdainiM.Corrosion prevention and protection: practical solutions. John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2007.
3.
ToukalLKeraghelSBenghanemF. Electrochemical, thermodynamic and quantum chemical studies of synthesized benzimidazole derivative as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for XC52 steel in hydrochloric acid. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2018; 13 (1): 951–974.
4.
DuttaAPanjaSSNandiMM. Effect of optimized structure and electronic properties of some benzimidazole derivatives on corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium: electrochemical and theoretical studies. J Chem Sci. 2015; 127 (5): 921–929.
5.
NiamienPMMEssyFKKTrokoureyA. Correlation between the molecular structure and the inhibiting effect of some benzimidazole derivatives. Mater Chem Phys. 2012; 136 (1): 59–65.
6.
RamezanzadehBMehdipourMArmanSY. An electrochemical investigation of azole derivative on aluminum in 0.25 M HCl solution using EN and EIS techniques. Anti-Corros Methods Mater. 2017; 64 (1): 10–22.
7.
PournazariSMoayedMHRahimizadehM.In situ inhibitor synthesis from admixture of benzaldehyde and benzene-1,2-diamine along with FeCl3 catalyst as a new corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5M sulphuric acid. Corros Sci. 2013; 71: 20–31.
8.
KovačevićNKokaljAKovačevićN. Analysis of molecular electronic structure of imidazole- and benzimidazole-based inhibitors: a simple recipe for qualitative estimation of chemical hardness. Corros Sci. 2011; 53 (3): 909–921.
9.
ShanbhagAVVenkateshaTVPraveenBM.Benzimidazole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for zinc in acid solution. Prot Metals Phys Chem Surfaces. 2013; 49 (5): 587–590.
10.
MiloševIKovačevićNKovačJ. The roles of mercapto, benzene and methyl groups in the corrosion inhibition of imidazoles on copper: I. experimental characterization. Corros Sci. 2015; 98: 107–118.
11.
ÖzbaySYanardağTDinçerS. Benzimidazole Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors for copper and brass. Eur Int J Sci Technol. 2014; 3 (8): 1–6.
12.
ZhouYGuoLZhangS. Corrosion control of mild steel in 0.1 M H2SO4 solution by benzimidazole and its derivatives: an experimental and theoretical study. RSC Adv. 2017; 7 (39): 23961–23969.
13.
KumarHSainiV.DAPA, EA, TU and BI as vapour phase corrosion inhibitors for mild steel under atmospheric conditions. Res J Chem Sci. 2012; 2 (2): 10–17.
14.
KarthikGSundaravadiveluM.Experimental and theoretical studies of anti-ulcer drugs with benzimidazole rings as corrosion inhibitor for copper in 1 M nitric acid medium. J Adhes Sci Technol. 2016; 31 (5): 530–551.
15.
TobeHMoritoNMonmaK. Pectroscopical investigation of corrosion inhibition of copper by benzimidazol. J Jpn Inst Met. 1974; 38 (8): 770–776.
16.
ZucchiFBrunoroGTrabanelliG.Corrosion and inhibition tests on copper-base alloy tubes in flowing conditions. Werkst Korros. 1977; 28: 834–837.
17.
El AoufirY. Understanding the adsorption of benzimidazole derivative as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl: experimental and theoretical studies. J Mater Environ Sci. 2017; 8 (9): 3290–3302.
18.
El-HajjajiF. Adsorption and corrosion inhibition effect of 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole (Surfactant) on a carbon steel surface in an acidic medium: experimental and Monte Carlo simulations. Portugal Electrochim Acta. 2018; 36 (3): 197–212.
19.
ZhangWLiHJWangY. Gravimetric, electrochemical and surface studies on the anticorrosive properties of 1-(2-pyridyl)-2-thiourea and 2-(imidazol-2-yl)-pyridine for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. New J Chem. 2018; 42 (15): 12649–12665.
20.
TangYZhangFHuS. Novel benzimidazole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in the acidic media. Part I: gravimetric, electrochemical, SEM and XPS studies. Corros Sci. 2013; 74: 271–282.
21.
PopovaASokolovaEIRaichevaSN. AC and DC study of the temperature effect on mild steel corrosion in acid media in the presence of benzimidazole derivatives. Corros Sci. 2003; 45 (1): 33–58.
22.
ObotIBEdoukUM.Benzimidazole: small planar molecule with diverse anti-corrosion potentials. J Mol Liq. 2017; 246: 66–90.
23.
PählerMSantanaJJSchuhmannW. Application of AC-SECM in corrosion science: local visualisation of inhibitor films on active metals for corrosion protection. Chem A Eur J. 2011; 17 (3): 905–911.
24.
ZhangDTangYQiS. The inhibition performance of long-chain alkyl-substituted benzimidazole derivatives for corrosion of mild steel in HCl. Corros Sci. 2016; 102: 517–522.
25.
KeshavarzMHEsmaeilpourKGolikandAN. Simple approach to predict corrosion inhibition efficiency of imidazole and benzimidazole derivatives as well as linear organic compounds containing several polar functional groups. Z Anorg Allg Chem. 2016; 642 (16): 906–913.
26.
ZhangJ. Molecular dynamics simulation of corrosive particle diffusion in benzimidazole inhibitor films. Corros Sci. 2011; 53 (4): 1331–1336.
27.
KhaledKF.Experimental and molecular dynamics study on the inhibition performance of some nitrogen containing compounds for iron corrosion. Mater Chem Phys. 2010; 124 (1): 760–767.
28.
MessaliM.A green microwave-assisted synthesis, characterization and comparative study of new pyridazinium-based ionic liquids derivatives towards corrosion of mild steel in in acidic environment. J Mater Environ Sci. 2011; 2 (2): 174–185.
29.
LévêqueJMEstagerJDrayeM. Synthesis of ionic liquids using non conventional activation methods: an overview. Monatsh Chem. 2007; 138 (11): 1103–1113.
30.
ChongALMardelJIMacFarlaneDr. Synergistic corrosion inhibition of mild steel in aqueous chloride solutions by an imidazolinium carboxylate salt. ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2016; 4 (3): 1746–1755.
31.
MaYHanFLiZ. Corrosion behavior of metallic materials in acidic-functionalized ionic liquids. ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2016; 4 (2): 633–639.
32.
FengLZhangSQiangY. The synergistic corrosion inhibition study of different chain lengths ionic liquids as green inhibitors for X70 steel in acidic medium. Mater Chem Phys. 2018.
33.
AzeezFAAl-rashedOANazeerAA.Controlling of mild-steel corrosion in acidic solution using environmentally friendly ionic liquid inhibitors: effect of alkyl chain. J Mol Liq. 2018.
34.
Ben AounSMessaliM.Microwave-assisted synthesis of green inhibitor for carbon steel acid corrosion. Int J Electrochem Sci. 2018; 13 (4): 3757–3776.
35.
Arellanes-lozadaPOlivares-xometlONatalyaV. Adsorption and performance of ammonium-based ionic liquids as corrosion inhibitors of steel. J Mol Liq. 2018.
36.
GoyalMVashishtHKumarS. Anti-corrosion performance of eco-friendly inhibitor (2-aminobenzyl) triphenylphosphonium bromide ionic liquid on mild steel in 0.5M sulfuric acid. J Mol Liq. 2018.
37.
VermaCObotIBBahadurI. Choline based ionic liquids as sustainable corrosion inhibitors on mild steel surface in acidic medium: gravimetric, electrochemical, surface morphology, DFT and Monte Carlo simulation studies. Appl Surf Sci. 2018; 457 (March): 134–149.
38.
VermaCEbensoEEQuraishiMA.Ionic liquids as green and sustainable corrosion inhibitors for metals and alloys: an overview. J Mol Liq. 2017; 233: 403–414.
39.
VastagGShabanAVraneM. Influence of the N-3 alkyl chain length on improving inhibition properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids on copper corrosion. J Mol Liq. 2018; 264: 526–533.
40.
ScendoMUznanskaJ.The effect of ionic liquids on the corrosion inhibition of copper in acidic chloride solutions. Int J Corros. 2011; 2011.
41.
ZhangQHuaY.Corrosion inhibition of aluminum in hydrochloric acid solution by alkylimidazolium ionic liquids. Mater Chem Phys. 2010; 119 (1-2): 57–64.
42.
Kshama ShettySNityananda ShettyA.Eco-friendly benzimidazolium based ionic liquid as a corrosion inhibitor for aluminum alloy composite in acidic media. J Mol Liq. 2017; 225: 426–438.
43.
NahléAAbu-AbdounIIAbdel-RahmanI.Inhibition of mild steel corrosion by 3-benzoylmethyl benzimidazolium hexafluoroantimonate in acidic solution. Int J Corros. 2012: 1–10.
44.
ZhengXZhangSLiW. Investigation of 1-butyl-3-methyl-1H-benzimidazolium iodide as inhibitor for mild steel in sulfuric acid solution. Corros Sci. 2014; 80.
45.
LeeSG.Functionalized imidazolium salts for task-specific ionic liquids and their applications. Chem Commun. 2006; 10: 1049–1063.
46.
GermaniRManciniMVSavelliG. Mercury extraction by ionic liquids: temperature and alkyl chain length effect. Tetrahedron Lett. 2007; 48 (10): 1767–1769.
47.
KannanPKarthikeyanJMuruganP. Corrosion inhibition effect of novel methyl benzimidazolium ionic liquid for carbon steel in HCl medium. J Mol Liq. 2016; 221: 368–380.
48.
TaheriMNaderiRSaremiM. Development of an ecofriendly silane sol-gel coating with zinc acetylacetonate corrosion inhibitor for active protection of mild steel in sodium chloride solution. J Solgel Sci Technol. 2017; 81 (1): 154–166.
49.
HangTTX. Synthesis of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane modified hydrotalcite bearing molybdate as corrosion inhibitor for waterborne epoxy coating. J Coat Technol Res. 2016; 13 (5): 805–813.
50.
JavidparvarAARamezanzadehBGhasemiE.Effect of various spinel ferrite nanopigments modified by amino propyl trimethoxy silane on the corrosion inhibition properties of the epoxy nanocomposites. Corrosion. 2016; 72 (6): 761–774.
51.
ZaferaniSHPeikariMZaareiD. Electrochemical effects of silane pretreatments containing cerium nitrate on cathodic disbonding properties of epoxy coated steel. J Adhes Sci Technol. 2013; 27 (22): 2411–2420.
52.
ChildTFVan OoijWJ.Application of silane technology to prevent corrosion of metals and improve paint adhesion. Trans Inst Met Finish. 1999; 77 (2): 64–70.
53.
PetruninMAMaksaevaLBMarshakovAI.The effect of surface siloxane layers on the penetration of hydrogen into iron. Prot Met. 2001; 37 (2): 120–125.
54.
Jeeva JothiKPalaniveluK.Synergistic effect of silane modified nanocomposites for active corrosion protection. Ceram Int. 2013; 39 (7): 7619–7625.
55.
WangXYangHWangF.An investigation of benzimidazole derivative as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in different concentration HCl solutions. Corros Sci. 2011; 53 (1): 113–121.
56.
ChaudhariRBRindheSS.Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel 8-(1-alkyl/alkylsulphonyl/alkoxycarbonyl-benzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy)-5-chloroquinolines. J Serb Chem Soc. 2011; 76 (9): 1199–1206.
57.
RamSWiseDSTownsendLB.Synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole – carbamates as potential antifilarial agent. J Heterocycl. Che. 1986; 23: 1109–1113.
58.
ZalasMWalkowiakMGierczykB. Novel Si-tripodand functionalized ionic liquids as iodide sources for dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrochim Acta. 2013; 108: 736–740.
59.
IshiiTEnokiTMizumoT. Preparation of imidazolium-type ionic liquids containing silsesquioxane frameworks and their thermal and ion-conductive properties. RSC Adv. 2015; 5 (20): 15226–15232.
60.
Matloubi MoghaddamFDokht TaimoorySMIsmailiH. KF/al2o3 -mediated N-alkylation of amines and nitrogen heterocycles and S-alkylation of thiols. Synth Commun. 2006; 36 (23): 3599–3607.
61.
HeydariHTalebianMSalarvandZ. Comparison of two Schiff bases containing O-methyl and nitro substitutes for corrosion inhibiting of mild steel in 1 M HCl solution. J Mol Liq. 2018; 254: 177–187.
62.
ZhangCZhaoJ.Inhibition effects of orange peel extract on the corrosion of Q235 steel in CO2-saturated and CO2/H2S coexistent brine solutions. Res Chem Intermed. 2017; 15.
63.
AmmalPRPrajilaMJosephA.Effect of substitution and temperature on the corrosion inhibition properties of benzimidazole bearing 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles for mild steel in sulphuric acid: physicochemical and theoretical studies. J Environ Chem Eng. 2018; 6 (1): 1072–1085.
64.
DengSLiXXieX.Hydroxymethyl urea and 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) urea as corrosion inhibitors for steel in HCl solution. Corros Sci. 2014; 80: 276–289.
65.
KowsariE. In situ synthesis, electrochemical and quantum chemical analysis of an amino acid-derived ionic liquid inhibitor for corrosion protection of mild steel in 1M HCl solution. Corros Sci. 2016; 112: 73–85.
66.
Al-amieryAAKassimFABKadhumAAH.Synthesis and characterization of a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibition for mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid. Nature Publishing Group (November 2015)2016: 1–13.
67.
BabicRMetikosM.Copper corrosion at various pH values with and without the inhibitor. J Appl Electrochem. 2000; 30: 617–624.
68.
CruzDYNegrónGRomero-RomoMA. Microwave-assisted preparation of 2-(benzylthio)imidazole and 2-(benzylthio)benzimidazole and its comparative corrosion inhibiting performance with 2-Mercaptoimidazole and 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole. ECS Trans. 2009; 20 (1): 519–527.
69.
DkhirecheN. Corrosion and scale inhibition of low carbon steel in cooling water system by 2-propargyl-5-o-hydroxyphenyltetrazole. J Ind Eng Chem. 2013; 19 (6): 1996–2003.
70.
PopovaAChristovM.Evaluation of impedance measurements on mild steel corrosion in acid media in the presence of heterocyclic compounds. Corros Sci. 2006; 48 (10): 3208–3221.
71.
AnusuyaNSounthariPSaranyaJ. Corrosion inhibition effect of hydroxy pyrazoline derivatives on mild steel in sulphuric acid solution together with quantum chemical studies. J Mater Environ Sci. 2015; 6 (6): 1606–1623.
72.
BadrEA.Inhibition effect of synthesized cationic surfactant on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M HCl. J Ind Eng Chem. 2014; 20 (5): 3361–3366.
73.
AljouraniJRaeissiKGolozarMA.Benzimidazole and its derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1M HCl solution. Corros Sci. 2009; 51 (8): 1836–1843.
74.
PagliaroM.Silica based material for advanced chemical applications. 2009.
75.
PopovaAChristovMZwetanovaA.Effect of the molecular structure on the inhibitor properties of azoles on mild steel corrosion in 1M hydrochloric acid. Corros Sci. 2007; 49 (5): 2131–2143.
76.
LiWHeQPeiC. Experimental and theoretical investigation of the adsorption behaviour of new triazole derivatives as inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in acid media. Electrochim Acta. 2007; 52 (22): 6386–6394.
77.
YurtABalabanAKandemirSU. Investigation on some Schiff bases as HCl corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel. Mater Chem Phys. 2004; 85 (2-3): 420–426.
78.
ZhangQBHuaYX.Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by alkylimidazolium ionic liquids in hydrochloric acid. Electrochim Acta. 2009; 54: 1881–1887.
79.
SubramanianVVan OoijWJ.Effect of the amine functional group on corrosion rate of iron coated with films of organofunctional silanes. Corrosion. 1998; 54 (3): 204–215.
80.
Al-AmieryAAAl -MajedyYKKadhumAAH. New coumarin derivative as an eco-friendly inhibitor of corrosion of mild steel in acid medium. Molecules. 2015; 20 (1): 366–383.
81.
BahramiMJHosseiniSMAPilvarP.Experimental and theoretical investigation of organic compounds as inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in sulfuric acid medium. Corros Sci. 2010; 52 (9): 2793–2803.
82.
TabatabaeiFSSarabiAAKowsariE. Electrochemical and morphological study of steel in 1 M HCl in the presence of task specific liquid. J Mater Eng Perform. 2015; 24 (9): 3433–3443.
83.
HegazyMABadawiAM S S . Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel using novel N-(2-(2-mercaptoacetoxy)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl dodecan-1-aminium bromide during acid pickling. Corros Sci. 2013; 69: 110–122.
84.
AhamadIPrasadRQuraishiMA.Adsorption and inhibitive properties of some new Mannich bases of Isatin derivatives on corrosion of mild steel in acidic media. Corros Sci. 2010; 52 (4): 1472–1481.
85.
Rugmini AmmalPPrasadARJosephA.Comparative studies on the electrochemical and physicochemical behaviour of three different benzimidazole motifs as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. Egypt J Petrol. 2018; 27 (4): 1067–1076.
86.
EtaiwSEHEl-bendaryMM.A new metal-organic framework based on cadmium thiocyanate and 6-Methylequinoline as corrosion inhibitor for copper in 1 M HCl solution. Physicochem Probl Miner Process. 2017; 53 (5): 937–949.
87.
RamyaKMohanRAnupamaKK. Electrochemical and theoretical studies on the synergistic interaction and corrosion inhibition of alkyl benzimidazoles and thiosemicarbazide pair on mild steel in hydrochloric acid. Mater Chem Phys. 2015; 149: 632–647.
88.
DementjevAPDe GraafAVan De SandenMCM. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reference data for identification of the C3N4 phase in carbon–nitrogen films. Diam Relat Mater. 2000; 9: 1904–1907.
89.
Olivares-XometlOLikhanovaNVDomínguez-AguilarMA. Surface analysis of inhibitor films formed by imidazolines and amides on mild steel in an acidic environment. Appl Surf Sci. 2006; 252 (6): 2139–2152.
SinghAAnsariKRQuraishiMA. Effect of electron Donating functional groups on corrosion inhibition of J55 steel in a Sweet corrosive environment : experimental, Density functional Theory, and molecular Dynamic Simulation. Materials. 2019; 12 (17).
92.
RalkhalSShahrabiTRamezanzadehB. A combined electrochemical, molecular dynamics, quantum mechanics and XPS analysis of the mild steel surface protected by a complex film composed of neodymium (III) and benzimidazole. Appl Surf Sci. 2019; 464 (July 2018): 178–194.
HolmbergKShahDOSchwugerMJ.Handbook of applied surface and colloid chemistry. Vol. 1. 1996.
95.
KowsariEPayamiMAminiR. Task-specific ionic liquid as a new green inhibitor of mild steel corrosion. Appl Surf Sci. 2014; 289: 478–486.
96.
MoradiZAttarMM.An investigation on the inhibitory action of benzazole derivatives as a consequence of sulfur atom induction. Appl Surf Sci. 2014; 317: 657–665.
