The halogen-free flame retardant (HFFR) styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS)/high impact polystyrene (HIPS)/polyphenylene oxide (PPO) composites filled with aluminium hypophosphite (AHP) and melamine cyanurate (MCA) had been prepared. The thermal stability, flame retardancy, carbon slag structure, mechanical and rheological properties of SEBS/HIPS/PPO composites had been investigated. The research results showed that the thermal stability and flame retardancy of SEBS/HIPS/PPO composites were significantly improved, and there was obvious intumescent FR (IFR) synergism between AHP and MCA. Meanwhile, the role of AHP and MCA in char-forming promotion and carbon slag enhancement was also an important reason. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images showed that the char residual structure of sample A-4 showed more compact than that of A-3 which was similar to agglomerated loose sand, and that of A-2 presented an intumescent structure of twisted flake carbon slag after combustion of cone calorimeter. The ultimate tensile strength increased slightly because of the addition of PPO.
VandaFR, DouglasNS, MicheleP, Effect of copper nanoparticles on the properties of SEBS/PP compounds. Polym Test. 2017;63:204–209. doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.07.033
2.
WuHG, TianM, ZhangLQ, New understanding of microstructure formation of the rubber phase in thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV). Soft Matter. 2014;10:1816–1822. doi: 10.1039/c3sm52375f
3.
HugoMT, DaianeT, FabrícioC, Use of wollastonite in a thermoplastic elastomer composition. Polym Test. 2013;32:1373–1378. doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.08.017
4.
BabuRR, NaskarK.Recent developments in the thermoplastic vulcani-zates. Adv Polym Sci. 2011;239:219–247. doi: 10.1007/12_2010_97
5.
AntunesCF, DuinMV, MachadoAV.Effect of crosslinking on morphology and phase inversion of EPDM/PP blends. Mater Chem Phys. 2012;133:410–418. doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2012.01.053
6.
JiangGJ, WuH, GuoSY.A study on compatibility and properties of POE/PS/SEBS ternary blends. J Macro Sci Part B. 2007;46:533–545. doi: 10.1080/00222340701257794
7.
RajkiranRT, PaulDR.Polypropylene-elastomer (TPO) nanocomposites: 2. room temperature Izod impact strength and tensile properties. Polymer. 2011;52:5595–5605. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.10.002
8.
ShiYQ, FuLB, ChenXL, Hypophosphite/graphitic carbon nitride hybrids: preparation and flame-retardant application in thermoplastic polyurethane. Nanomaterials. 2017;7:259–273. doi: 10.3390/nano7090259
9.
XuDW, LuHC, HuangQ, Flame-retardant effect and mechanism of melamine phosphate on silicone thermoplastic elastomer. RSC Adv. 2018;8:5034–5041. doi: 10.1039/C7RA12865G
10.
JiaDK, TongY, HuJ.The effects of N,N-(pyromellitoyl)-bis-l-phenylalanine diacid ester glycol on the flame retardancy and physical–mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foams. J Fire Sci. 2018;36(6):535–545. doi: 10.1177/0734904118806648
11.
ZhongY, WuW, LinX, Flame-retarding mechanism of organically modified montmorillonite and phosphorous-nitrogen flame retardants for the preparation of a halogen-free, flame-retarding thermoplastic poly(ester ether) elastomer. J Appl Polym Sci. 2015;131:547–557.
12.
CovaciA, HarradS, AbdallahMAE, Novel brominated flame retardants: a review of their analysis, environmental fate and behaviour. Environ Int. 2011;37:532–556. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2010.11.007
13.
DaiJF, LiB.Synthesis, thermal degradation, and flame retardance of novel triazine ring-containing macromolecules for intumescent flame retardant polypropylene. J Appl Polym Sci. 2010;116(4):2157–2165.
14.
BourbigotS, LebrasM, DuquesneS, Recent advances for intumescent polymers. Macromol Mater Eng. 2004;289(6):499–511. doi: 10.1002/mame.200400007
15.
SarannyaV, SivasamyP, MathanND, Study of thermal properties of intumescent additive. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2010;102(3):1071–1077. doi: 10.1007/s10973-010-0768-y
16.
BourbigotS, LebrasM, DelobelR.Carbonization mechanisms resulting from intumescence association with the ammonium polyphosphate pentaerythritol fire retardant system. Carbon N Y. 1993;31(8):1219–1230. doi: 10.1016/0008-6223(93)90079-P
17.
CaminoG, CostaL, Luda di CortemigliaMP.Overview of fire retardant mechanisms. Polym Degrad Stab. 1991;33(2):131–154. doi: 10.1016/0141-3910(91)90014-I
ChenYH, LiuY, WangQ, Performance of intumescent flame retardant master batch synthesized through twin-screw reactively extruding technology: effect of component ratio. Polym Degrad Stab. 2003;81(2):215–224. doi: 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00091-0
20.
WangQ, ChenYH, LiuY, Performance of an intumescent-flame-retardant master batch synthesized by twin-screw reactive extrusion: effect of the polypropylene carrier resin. Polym Int. 2004;53(4):439–448. doi: 10.1002/pi.1394
HugoMT, VandaFR, FabricioC, Effect of commercial clays on the properties of SEBS/PP/oil thermoplastic elastomers. Part 1. Physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Appl Clay Sci. 2015;109–110:151–156. doi: 10.1016/j.clay.2015.02.028
23.
XuQ, GriffinGJ, JiangY, Study of burning behavior of small scale wood crib with cone calorimeter. J Therm Analy Cal. 2008;91:787–790. doi: 10.1007/s10973-007-8338-7
24.
EnrightPA, FleischmannCM.Uncertainty of heat release rate calculation of the ISO5660–1 cone calorimeter standard test method. Fire Technol. 1999;35:153–169. doi: 10.1023/A:1015416005888
25.
Flecknoe-BrownKW, HeesPV.Sensitivity analysis on the microscale combustion calorimeter for polyurethane foam using a full factorial design methodology. J Fire Sci. 2018;36(6):453–471. doi: 10.1177/0734904118798603
26.
NazareS, KandolaB, HorrocksAR.Use of cone calorimetry to quantify the burning hazard of apparel fabrics. Fire Mater. 2002;26:191–199. doi: 10.1002/fam.796
