¹ L. S. Stavrianos, Greece: American Dilemma and Opportunity Chicago, Regnery, 1952, epigraph.

² The final period of British protectorate 1945-46 is examined in the light of official documents in Heinz Richter's British Intervention in Greece: Varkiza to Civil War, Merlin Press, 1985. See p 117-18 for an astonishing document in which Churchill declares his sympathy for Greek collaborators in preference to the left-wing Resistance.

³ C. M. Woodhouse, The Struggle for Greece 1941-49, Hart-Davis MacGibbon, London, 1976, pp 162-4.

⁴ Foreign Office letter to T. George Thomas MP, 18.v.50.

⁵ The proceedings of the first two conferences, one organised by the Society for Modern Greek Studies (ELEMEP) at the London School of Economics in May 1978 and a wider and more elaborate one in the US under the auspices of the Modern Greek studies Association in November of that year, are available in English and Greek editions. (Greece: From Resistance to Civil War, ed. M. Sarafis, Nottingham, Spokesman, 1980; Greece in the 1940s: A Nation in Crisis, ed. John O. Iatrides, University Press of New England, 1981).

⁶ Lawrence S. Wittner, American Intervention in Greece 1943-49, Columbia University Press, 1982; Procopis Papastratis, British policy towards Greece during the Second World War 1941-44, Cambridge University Press, 1984.

⁷ See Heinz Richter's Griechenland etc, cited above, Frankfurt, Europäische Verlagsanstalt, 1973; and, for a study in English using German archives, John Louis Hondros, Occupation and Resistance: The Greek Agony, Pella Publishing Co, New York, 1983.

⁸ Svetozar Vukmanović (Tempo). How & Why the People's Liberation Struggle of Greece met with defeat, 1950, English edition reprinted by Merlin Press, 1985; also unpublished thesis by Periklis Grambas, The Greek Communist Party 1941-46: The internal debate on seizing power, which shows that, even before the negative Soviet advice of July 1944, the minority support for this option could not prevail.

⁹ For these events see: John O. Iatrides, Revolt in Athens: the Greek communist ‘second round’, 1944-45, Princeton N. J., 1972 Stefanos Sarafis, ELAS: Greek Resistance Army, English edition, Merlin Press, 1980; W. Byford Jones: The Greek Trilogy: (Resistance-Liberation-Revolution), Hutchinson, N. D. 1947.

¹⁰ 41 papers were presented by speakersfrom 12 countries to an audience of over 400. A booklet giving abstracts of the papers in Greek and English is available from Athens (all enquiries should be sent to the writer c/o Index).

¹¹ For the ‘Myers document’ see Greece: From Resistance to Civil War (footnote 5), pp 134-6; for the ‘percentage agreement’, Elisabeth Barker, ‘Greece in the framework of Anglo-Soviet Relations 1941-47’ in Ib., pp 15-31.

¹² In contrast to Greece's Balkan neighbours, the Soviet Union was noticeably cool towards the 1947-49 civil war.

The Black Hole

Abstract