Controlled rolling and controlled cooling processes achieve high-strength alloys due to their combined effects on the grain refinement, dispersion, and phase transformations. This paper studies the dissolution of V in austenite by normalizing treatments. The samples were then annealed to form uniform, fine, and dispersed V-based precipitates which in turn facilitated subsequent phase transitions in the steel. The results showed that V fully dissolved into austenite when the steel was treated. Besides, when the steel was annealed, V precipitated in the form of V(C, N), and the V(C, N) precipitates promoted the formation of ferrite. At the same time, fine pearlite phases also formed, and the V(C, N) precipitates were distributed among the pearlite lamellae. The uniformly dispersed V(C, N) precipitates further regulated the microphase organization, refined the grains, and acted as the microalloying element, making the steel more uniform, and improving the mechanical properties of the steel.
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