The chemical compositions of Sanicro 25 stainless steel added with different concentrations of niobium (Nb) (0, 0.29, 0.58, and 0.86 wt-%) were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the matrix of all the prepared materials was austenite. The average grain size decreased from 426 to 90 µm with the increase in Nb content. Electron backscatter diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses showed that Cr23C6 was the main precipitate in the Nb-free steel, whereas Nb(C, N) were the main precipitates in Nb-containing steel. The increase in Nb content also increased the volume fraction and average particle size of the precipitates.
PillaiSR.High temperature corrosion of austenitic stainless steels. In: KhatakHSRajB, editors. Corrosion of austenitic stainless steels. London: Alpha Science International; 2002. p. 265–286.
3.
NortonFH.The creep of steel at high temperatures. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill Book Company; 1929. p. 28.
4.
SourmailT.Precipitation in creep resistant austenitic stainless steels. Mater Sci Technol. 2001;17:1–14. doi: 10.1179/026708301101508972
5.
PlautRLHerreraCEscribaDMet al.A short review on wrought austenitic stainless steels at high temperatures: processing, microstructure, properties and performance. Materials Research. 2007;17:453–460. doi: 10.1590/S1516-14392007000400021
6.
ShatynskiSR.The thermochemistry of transition metal carbides. Oxid Met. 1979;13:105–118. doi: 10.1007/BF00611975
7.
ChiCYuHXieX.Advanced austenitic heat-resistant steels for ultra-super-critical (USC) fossil power plants. In: MoralesEV, editor. Alloy steel- properties and use. Rijeka: InTech; 2011. p. 171–200.
ChaiGof NilssonJOBoströmMet al.Advanced heat resistant austenitic stainless steels. In: WengYDongHGanY, editor. Advanced steels: The recent scenario in steel science and technology. New York (NY): Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2011. p. 385–396.
10.
ChaiGForsbergU.Sanicro 25: an advanced high-strength, heat-resistant austenitic stainless steel. In: GianfrancescoAD, editor. Materials for ultra-supercritical and advanced ultra-supercritical power plants. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing; 2016. p. 375–390.
11.
ZhangYJingHXuLet al.High-temperature deformation and fracture mechanisms of an advanced heat resistant Fe-Cr-Ni alloy. Mater Sci Eng A. 2017;686:102–112. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2017.01.002
12.
ChaiGKjellströmPBoströmM.Creep and fracture behaviors of an advanced heat resistant austenitic stainless steel for A-USC power plant; New Your (US): Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Fracture; 2013 Jun 16–21; 2013. p. 2489–2497.
13.
VujicSFarooqMSondereggerBet al.Numerical modelling and validation of precipitation kinetics in advanced creep resistant austenitic steel. Comput Methods Mater Sci. 2012;12:175–182.
14.
ZhouRZhuLLiuYet al.Precipitates and precipitation strengthening of Sanicro 25 welded joint base metal crept at 973 K. Steel Res Int. 2017;88:73–81.
15.
ZhouRZhuLLiuYet al.Microstructural evolution and the effect on hardness of Sanicro 25 welded joint base metal after creep at 973 K. J Mater Sci. 2017;52:6161–6172. doi: 10.1007/s10853-017-0758-6
16.
ZurekJYangSMLinDYet al.Microstructural stability and oxidation behavior of Sanicro 25 during long-term steam exposure in the temperature range 600–750oC. Mater Corros. 2015;66:315–327. doi: 10.1002/maco.201407901
17.
RutkowskiBGilACzyrska-FilemonowiczA.Microstructure and chemical composition of the oxide scale formed on the Sanicro 25 steel tubes after fireside corrosion. Corros Sci. 2016;102:373–383. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.10.030
18.
PalmiereEJGarciaCIDeArdoAJ.Compositional and microstructural changes which attend reheating and grain coarsening in steels containing niobium. Metall Mater Trans A. 1994;25:277–286. doi: 10.1007/BF02647973
19.
VillarsPCalvertLD.Pearson’s handbook of crystallographic data for intermediate phases. Cleveland: American Society of Metals; 1985.
20.
YakelHL.Atom distributions in tau‐carbide phases: Fe and Cr distributions in (Cr23−xFex)C6 with x = 0, 0·74, 1·70, 4·13 and 7·36. Acta Crystallogr Sect B. 1987;43:230–238. doi: 10.1107/S0108768187097957
21.
KiefferRNowotnyHEttmayerPet al.Neue untersuchungen über die mischbarkeit von übergangsmetallnitriden und-karbiden. Metall (Berlin). 1972;26:701.
22.
KikuchiMSakabibraMOtoguroYet al.An austenitic heat resisting steel tube developed for advanced fossil-fired steam plants. In: MarriottJBMerzMNihoulJWardJ, editor. High temperature alloys. Dordrecht: Springer; 1987. p. 267–276.
23.
OkayasuMWuSNodaKet al.Mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel with high niobium contents. Mater Sci Technol. 2016;32(13):1382–1394. doi: 10.1080/02670836.2015.1126431
