Zhou, X., Yuan, S., Huang, Y., Yang, P., and Zhou, X. 2016. Simulation of special flow affecting dross formation on steel strip in galvanising bath. Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 42(10), pp.785–790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743281215Y.0000000025
When the above article was published online and in print, a number of author corrections were not implemented in to pages 785–786 of the article. The amended text should read as follows:
Continuity equation: where u is the velocity vector.
Momentum equations: where is the fluid density, T is the temperature, p is the pressure, is the stress tensor, in the vertical direction is the gravitational acceleration, and is the coefficient of thermal expansion. The buoyancy force comes into effect by using the term. The source term Smom is the Maxwell electromagnetic force, which is obtained from the commercial software ANSYS.
Energy equation: where cp is the specific heat capacity and is the effective thermal conductivity. The source term Senergy is the absorbed heat due to ingot melting. In the literature1, the whole ingot was submerged into the bath in a time period assumed to be divided into three processes: the first process when the ingots only absorb heat but do not melt, the second process when the ingots continue to absorb heat and melt, and the third process when melting of ingots has ended and the melted Al is on a pure diffusion process. In engineering, each ingot can be submerged over several time intervals.12 In order to remove the effect of the ingot adding and melting period to the flow field, ingots are assumed to be submerged and melted gradually and evenly. This ingot adding method is called continuous adding method.
Equation for the turbulent kinetic energy k:
Equation for the energy dissipation : where µ is the viscosity coefficient, µT is the viscosity coefficient of turbulence, and P and G represent the generation of turbulence kinetic energy due to the mean velocity gradients, and that due to buoyancy, respectively. The constants are as follows: , , , and .
Species mass conservation equations: where cj is the mass fraction of species j (j = 1, and 2), is the diffusion flux of species j, and is the source term in the species mass conservation equation, which is the Al mass flux from the melt of the ingots. By assuming that the Al consumption exists in the first 0.2 s after the strip enters into the bath, the mass flux of Al consumption can be given by (unit: kg m−2 s−1), where md is the coating weight per unit area and cd is the Al content of the coating.16 All the source terms are implemented in FLUENT through user-defined functions (UDFs).17
In our model, the numerical scheme for calculation used is the finite volume method. The solutions of equations carried out in this work are based on the algorithm SIMPLE proposed by Patankar.15 Pressure is discretised with the standard scheme while the momentum, turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent dissipation rate and energy equations are discretised with the first-order upwind scheme.
