To research the influence of different silicone oil on the properties of the coatings based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) reinforced by hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, phenylmethyl silicone oil (PSO), methyl silicone oil (MSO), and the blend of PSO and MSO were incorporated into the antifouling coatings. The surface properties and leaching of silicone oil were investigated by water and diiodomethane contact angle and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The mechanical properties were investigated by tensile test, and the antifouling properties were tested via bacterial biofilms and the diatom Navicula tenera adhesion. Results revealed that leaching rate, hydrophobicity, and surface free energy with coating with the blend of MSO and PSO (P/M-PDMS) was between those of the coating with PSO (PSO-PDMS) and coating with MSO (MSO-PDMS). P/M-PDMS was better than MSO-PDMS in resisting fouling organisms. P/M-PDMS prolonged the leaching process of the blend of MSO and PSO and showed better antifouling performance.
BuschJ, BarthlottW, BredeM, Bionics and green technology in maritime shipping: an assessment of the effect of Salvinia air-layer hull coatings for drag and fuel reduction. Philos T R Soc A. 2019;377(2138):20180263.
LeonardiAK, OberCK.Polymer-based marine antifouling and fouling release surfaces: strategies for synthesis and modification. Annu Rev Chem Biomol. 2019;10(1):241–264.
4.
PadmavathiAR, MurthyPS, DasA, Enhanced antifouling property of polydimethylsiloxane-CuO nanocomposite in marine environment. Mater Lett. 2021;301:130342.
5.
BradyRF.Clean hulls without poisons: devising and testing nontoxic marine coatings. J Coating Technol. 2000;72(1):45–56.
6.
NuriogluAG, EstevesACC, de WithG.Non-toxic, non-biocide-release antifouling coatings based on molecular structure design for marine applications. J Mater Chem B. 2015;3(32):6547–6570.
LiuMJ, WangST, WeiZX, Bioinspired design of a superoleophobic and low adhesive water/solid interface. Adv Mater. 2009;21(6):665–669.
11.
AfsarA, NysRD, SteinbergP.The effects of foul-release coatings on the settlement and behaviour of cyprid larvae of the barnacle balanus amphitrite amphitrite darwin. Biofouling. 2003;19(sup1):105–110.
KavanaghCJ, SwainGW, KovachBS, The effects of silicone fluid additives and silicone elastomer matrices on barnacle adhesion strength. Biofouling. 2003;19(6):381–390.
BaM, WangYF, YanXX.Effect of granular particles on the properties of the fouling release coatings based on polydimethylsiloxane with the incorporation of phenylmethyl silicone oil, especially for the leaching behaviour of phenylmethyl silicone oil. Prog Org Coat. 2019;136:105266.
16.
BaM, ZhangZP, QiYH.Influence of methyl silicone oil on surface and interfacial properties of silicone antifouling coatings. J Mater Eng. 2015;43(4):59–65.
17.
OliverJF, MasonSG.Liquid spreading on rough metal surfaces. J Mater Sci. 1980;15(2):431–437.
18.
LiuH, ZhangZP, HongQY, Experimental methods of evaluating biofouling of marine benthic diatoms on non-toxic antifouling coating. Marin Environ Sci. 2006;25(3):88–92.
19.
ZhaoSJ, YinL, ZhouQQ, In situ self-assembly of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks on the surface of flexible polyurethane foam: towards for highly efficient oil spill cleanup and fire safety. Appl Surf Sci. 2020;506:144700.
HuiZ.Study on structure-activity relationship of lithium complex grease based on silicone oil. Lubr Eng. 2012;37(2):20–52.
22.
ChenCC, MorrowDR, SauerJA, Environmental effects of silicone oil on tensile and fatigue properties of polystyrene. Polym Eng Sci. 1982;22(7):451–456.
23.
CaoZ, LiJL, ZhangHP, Mechanical and tribological properties of graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced titanium composites fabricated by powder metallurgy. J Iron Steel Res Int. 2020;27(11):1357–1362.
24.
EduokU, FayeO, SzpunarJ.Recent developments and applications of protective silicone coatings: a review of PDMS functional materials. Prog Org Coat. 2017;111:124–163.
25.
SelimMS, ShenashenMA, El-SaftySA, Recent progress in marine foul-release polymeric nanocomposite coatings. Prog Mater Sci. 2017;87:1–32.
26.
ZhaoXT, ZhangRN, LiuYN, Antifouling membrane surface construction: chemistry plays a critical role. J Membrance Sci. 2018;551:145–171.
27.
RittschofD, OrihuelaB, HarderT, Compounds from silicones alter enzyme activity in curing barnacle glue and model enzymes. Plos One. 2011;6(2):e16487.
28.
LiX, LiSG, HuangXA, Protein-mediated bioadhesion in marine organisms: a review. Mar Environ Res. 2021;170:105409.
29.
LinCG, ZhangJW, WangL, Study on fouling-resistant performance improvement of silicone-based coating with poly(acrylamide-silicone). Int J Electrochem Sc. 2013;8(5):6478–6492.
30.
ZhaoSH, ZhengJY, YangJY, The alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy characterization of diatom cell activity affected by paeonol. Appl Mech Mater. 2014;707:113–116.
