A nitrogen expanded austenite (γN) layer with a thickness of 3 μm was prepared by plasma nitriding of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) at 460°C for 1 h with hollow cathode discharge assistance. The microstructure and phase composition of nitrided specimens were examined. The electrical conductivity of nitrided samples was measured before and after the corrosion test, respectively. The corrosion current density of nitrided 2205 DSS polarized for 4 h was 1.3 μA cm−2 (at 0.6 V) and −1.4 μA cm−2 (at −0.1 V), respectively. The interfacial contact resistance (ICR) of the nitrided 2205 was 14.7 mΩ cm2 which was much lower than that of bare 2205 DSS substrate (93.6 mΩ cm2) after 4 h potentiostatic polarization at cathodic conditions. The corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity were evidently improved compared with 2205 DSS substrate.
IjaodolaO, OgungbemiE, KhatibFN, Evaluating the effect of metal bipolar plate coating on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Energies. 2018;11:3203. doi:10.3390/en11113203.
2.
LiP, DingX, YangZ, Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of polyaniline-coated PEMFC metal bipolar plates with improved corrosion resistance. Ionics (Kiel). 2018;24:1129–1137. doi: 10.1007/s11581-017-2274-8
3.
ShiK, LiX, ZhaoY, Corrosion behavior and conductivity of TiNb and TiNbN coated steel for metallic bipolar plates. Appl Sci. 2019;9:2568. doi:10.3390/app9122568.
4.
Jalalian KarazmoudehN, SoltaniehM, SohiMH.Combined niobizing and plasma nitriding of AISI 430 stainless steel. Mater Res Express. 2019;6:126403. doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab52c9
5.
LinKJ, LiXY, DongHS, Multistep active screen plasma co-alloying the treatment of metallic bipolar plates. Surf Eng. 2020;36:539–546. doi: 10.1080/02670844.2020.1712063
6.
IngleAV, RajaVS, RangarajanJ, Corrosion resistant Al-Cr-Mo alloy coating on type 316L stainless steel bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications. Fuel Cells. doi:10.1002/fuce.201900122.
7.
WangXZ, LuoH, LuoJL.Effects of hydrogen and stress on the electrochemical and passivation behaviour of 304 stainless steel in simulated PEMFC environment. Electrochim Acta. 2019;293:60–77. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.028
8.
ChongSO, KimSJ.Effects of molybdenum on improvement of anti-corrosion by plasma ion nitriding for austenitic stainless steels. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2019;19:2198–2201. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2019.16006
9.
Faizan KhanM, AdesinaAY, GasemZM.Electrochemical and electrical resistance behavior of cathodic arc PVD TiN, CrN, AlCrN, and AlTiN coatings in simulated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environment. Mater Corr. WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION. 2019;70:281–292.
10.
ManiSP, RikhariB, AgilanP, Evaluation of the corrosion behavior of a TiN-coated 316L SS bipolar plate using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. New J Chem. 2018;42:14394–14409. doi: 10.1039/C8NJ01649F
11.
ShironitaS, UmedaM.Studies of electrocatalyst and metallic bipolar plate for polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Electrochem. 2019;87:328–332. doi: 10.5796/electrochemistry.19-6-E2681
12.
BradyMP, YangB, TortorelliPF, Cost-effective surface modifications for metallic bipolar plates, DOE Hydrogen Program, FY 2005 Progress Report, 870–874.
13.
WangH., TeeterG., TurnerJ.A., Plasma nitride type 349 stainless steel for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell bipolar plate-Part I: nitride in nitrogen plasma, J Fuel Cell Sci Technol. 2010; 7: 021018-1–02108-7.
14.
AizawaT, YoshiharaS-I.Homogeneous and heterogeneous micro-structuring of austenitic stainless steels by the low temperature plasma nitriding. IOP Conf Series: Mater Sci Eng. 2018: 372012049. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/372/1/012049.
15.
CamposM, SouzaSd, DavimJP, Influence of the gas pressure of plasma nitriding on the structural, mechanical and tribological surface properties of AISI 316L. Mater Res. 2019;22(4):e20190302. doi: 10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0302
16.
DaviesDP, AdcockPL, TurpinM, Stainless steel as a bipolar plate material for solid polymer fuel cells. J Power Sources. 2000;86:237–242. doi: 10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00524-8
17.
Díaz-GuillénJC, Vargas-GutiérrezG, Granda-GutiérrezEE, Effects of pulse length on low frequency plasma nitrided 316L steels. Surf Eng. 2015;31:623–627. doi: 10.1179/1743294414Y.0000000432
18.
DaltonJC, ErnstF, HeuerAH.Low-temperature nitridation of 2205 duplex stainless steel. Metall Mater Trans A. 2020;51:608–617. doi: 10.1007/s11661-019-05553-x
19.
AlphonsaJ, RajaVS, MukherjeeS.Study of plasma nitriding and nitrocarburizing for higher corrosion resistance and hardness of 2205 duplex stainless steel. Corros Sci. 2015;100:121–132. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.07.014
20.
TawfikH, HungY, MahajanD.Metal bipolar plates for PEM fuel cell – a review. J Power Sources. 2007;163:755–767. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.09.088
21.
SunH, CookeK, EitzingerG, Development of PVD coatings for PEMFC metallic bipolar plates. Thin Solid Films. 2013;528:199–204. doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.10.094
22.
TurnerJA.DOE (Department of Energy of USA) targets for bipolar plates. FY 2006 Annual Progress Report 833-837.
23.
ChristiansneT, SomersMAJ.Controlled dissolution of colossal quantities of nitrogen in stainless steel. Metall Mater Trans A. 2006;37:675–682. doi: 10.1007/s11661-006-0039-5
24.
SunY.Production of nitrogen and carbon S phases in austenitic stainless steels by hybrid plasma surface alloying. Surf Eng. 2010;26:114–122. doi: 10.1179/174329409X451065
