Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction line profile analysis (XLPA) methods are suitable to determine dislocation densities within crystalline structures. A software was developed to obtain dislocation density from misorientations measured between the adjacent points by EBSD. However, this EBSD-based method can estimate only the density of geometrically necessary dislocations (GND), while XLPA method can give the total dislocation (TD) density. In this paper, GND densities are determined and compared them to the TD densities in as-received and severe plastic deformed copper samples. Based on these results, estimations are tested to provide reliable GND densities and to appreciate the applicability of this calculation method. Furthermore, correlations are found between TD densities and yield strengths estimated by hardness tests.
PantleonW.Resolving the geometrically necessary dislocation content by conventional electron backscattering diffraction. Scripta Mater. 2008;58:994–997. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.01.050
2.
HeW, MaW, PantleonW.Microstructure of individual grains in cold-rolled aluminium from orientation inhomogeneities resolved by electron backscattering diffraction. Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 2008;494:21–27. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2007.10.092
3.
BereczT, JeneiP, CsóréA, Determination of dislocation density by electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray line profile analysis in ferrous lath martensite. Mater Charact. 2016;113:117–124. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2015.11.014
4.
KitaharaH, UejiR, TsujiN, Crystallographic features of lath martensite in low-carbon steel. Acta Mater. 2006;54:1279–1288. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.11.001
5.
KitaharaH, UejiR, UedaM, Crystallographic analysis of plate martensite in Fe–28.5 at.% Ni by FE-SEM/EBSD. Mater Charact. 2005;54:378–386. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.12.015
6.
KraussG.Martensite in steel: strength and structure. Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 1999;273–275:40–57. doi: 10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00288-9
7.
SuikkanenPP, CayronC, DeArdoAJ, Crystallographic analysis of martensite in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr steel using EBSD. J Mater Sci Technol. 2011;27(10):920–930. doi: 10.1016/S1005-0302(11)60165-5
8.
FuruharaT, MoritoS, MakiT.Morphology, substructure and crystallography of lath martensite in Fe-C alloys. J Phys IV France. 2003;112:255–258. doi: 10.1051/jp4:2003877
9.
MoritoS, TanakaH, KonishiR, The morphology and crystallography of lath martensite in Fe-C alloys. Acta Mater. 2003;51:1789–1799. doi: 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00577-3
10.
SzabóPJ, CsóréA.Determination of dislocation density in lath martensite by means of electron backscatter diffraction. Mater Sci Forum. 2017;885:275–279. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.885.275
11.
UngárT, TichyG, GubiczaJ, Correlation between subgrains and coherently scattering domains. Powder Diff. 2005;20(4):366–375. doi: 10.1154/1.2135313
12.
UngárT, GubiczaJ, RibárikG, Crystallite size distribution and dislocation structure determined by diffraction profile analysis: principles and practical application to cubic and hexagonal crystals. J Appl Crystallogr. 2001;34:298–310. doi: 10.1107/S0021889801003715
13.
RibárikG, UngárT.Characterization of the microstructure in random and textured polycrystals and single crystals by diffraction line profile analysis. Mater Sci Eng A-Struct. 2010;528(1):112–121. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2010.08.059
ČížekJ, JanečekM, KrajňákT, Structural characterization of ultrafine-grained interstitial-free steel prepared by severe plastic deformation. Acta Mater. 2016;105:258–272. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.12.039
16.
GubiczaJ, ChinhNQ, LábárJL, Correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties of severely deformed metals. J Alloy Compd. 2009;483:271–274. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.07.200
17.
JóniB, SchaflerE, ZehetbauerM, Correlation between the microstructure studied by X-ray line profile analysis and the strength of high-pressure-torsion processed Nb and Ta. Acta Mater. 2013;61(2):632–642. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.10.008
18.
JeneiP, GubiczaJ, YoonEY, X-ray diffraction study on the microstructure of a Mg-Zn-Y alloy consolidated by high-pressure torsion. J Alloy Compd. 2012;539:32–35. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.05.100
19.
GubiczaJ, NamNH, BaloghL, Microstructure of severely deformed metals determined by X-ray peak profile analysis. J Alloy Compd. 2004;378:248–252. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.11.162
20.
GubiczaJ, ChinhNQ, CsanádiT, Microstructure and strength of severely deformed fcc metals. Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 2007;462:86–90. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2006.02.455
21.
HeczelA, AkbaripanahF, SalevatiMA, A comparative study on the microstructural evolution in AM60 alloy processed by ECAP and MDF. J Alloy Compd. 2018;763:629–637. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.06.002
22.
KapoorG, HuangY, Subramanya SarmaV, Evolution of the microstructure during annealing of ultrafine-grained Ni with different Mo contents. Mater Charact. 2017;130:56–63. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2017.05.034
23.
WilliamsonGK, SmallmanRE.III. Dislocation densities in some annealed and cold-worked metals from measurements on the X-ray debye-scherrer spectrum. Philos Mag. 1956;1(1):34–46. doi: 10.1080/14786435608238074
24.
RibárikG, GubiczaJ, UngárT.Correlation between strength and microstructure of ball-milled Al–Mg alloys determined by X-ray diffraction. Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 2004;387–389:343–347. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2004.01.089
25.
JóniB, Al-SammanT, ChowdhurySG, Dislocation densities and prevailing slip-system types determined by X-ray line profile analysis in a textured AZ31 magnesium alloy deformed at different temperatures. J Appl Crystallogr. 2013;46(1):55–62. doi: 10.1107/S0021889812046705
26.
MoritoS, YoshidaH, MakiT, Effect of block size on the strength of lath martensite in low carbon steels. Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 2006;438–440:237–240. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2005.12.048
27.
HansenN.Hall-Petch relation and boundary strengthening. Scripta Mater. 2004;51:801–806. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.002
28.
ZhangP, LiSX, ZhangZF.General relationship between strength and hardness. Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 2011;529:62–73. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2011.08.061
