Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The hot stamping potential of three commercial carbon–manganese–chromium steels was demonstrated. The steels were selected with the intention of producing ultrahigh strength ferritic–martensitic dual phase microstructures from hot stamping heat treatment, exhibiting superior tensile properties for ‘impact energy absorptive’ crash performance compared to the conventional carbon–manganese–boron steel for automotive hot stamping technologies, 22MnB5. Compared to 22MnB5, each of the carbon–manganese–chromium steels provided at least twice the total elongation, yet with a relatively small loss to ultimate tensile strength. It was concluded that the carbon–manganese–chromium steels provide superior tensile properties for impact energy absorptive crash performance, while exhibiting ‘lean’ chemical compositions compared to previously investigated steels with similar aims and offer opportunities for use in the ‘tailor welded blank’ concept.

Keywords

Hot stamping Martensite Dual phase Automotive crash performance

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Karbasian

and Tekkaya

A. E.

: ‘A review on hot stamping’, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2010, 210, (15), 2103–2118. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.07.019

Taylor

, Fourlaris

, Evans

and Bright

: ‘New generation ultrahigh strength boron steel for automotive hot stamping technologies’, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2014, 30, (7), 818–826. doi: 10.1179/1743284713Y.0000000409

Reducing CO₂ emissions from passenger cars, European Commission, http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/cars/index_en.htm (cited 18 09 2013).

Naderi

, Labudde

, Uthaisangsuk

and Bleck

: New ultrahigh strength steel grades for hot stamping, 2nd International Conference on Steels in Cars and Trucks, South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute, Wiesbaden, Germany, 1–5 June 2007, 154–163, 2007.

Bae

D. C.

, Chin

K. G.

, Kim

S. J.

, Lee

J. R.

, Oh

J. K.

, Park

Y. J.

and POSCO : ‘Steel sheet for hot press forming having excellent heat treatment and impact property, hot press parts made of it and the method for manufacturing thereof, International Patent WO 2007/064172-A1’, South Korea, published 07 06 2007.

H. J.

, Ghosh

and Bhadeshia

H. K. D. H.

: ‘Dual phase hot press forming alloy’, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2010, 527, 4870–4874. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2010.04.022

Yurioka

: ‘Carbon equivalents for hardenability and cold cracking susceptibility of steels’, Select Conference on Hardenability of Steels, The Welding Institute, Derby, UK, 17 May 1990, paper 3, 1990.

Oliver

: ‘Development and dynamic performance of high strength and advanced high strength strip steels’, Engineering Doctorate Thesis, Swansea University, United Kingdom, 2007.

Hensen

: ‘Handbook for tailor made mechanical properties through hot forming, hot forming product and process parameters’, Report No. 136693, Corus, Ijmuiden, The Netherlands, 2009.

10.

Xuan

C. H.

, Wang

D. H.

, Zhang

C. L.

, Han

Z. D.

, Gu

B. X.

and Du

Y. W.

: ‘Boron's effect on martensitic start temperature and magneto-caloric effect in Ni43Mn46Sn11Bx alloys’, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 92. doi:10.1063/1.2895645.

11.

de Cooman

B. C.

, Speer

J. G.

, Pyshmintsev

I. Y.

and Yoshinaga

: ‘Materials design: the key to modern steel products’, 2007, Bad Harzburg, Grips Media.

12.

Tokizawa

, Yamamoto

, Takemoto

and Senuma

: ‘Development of 2000MPa class hot stamped steel components with good toughness and high resistance against delayed fracture’, 4th International Conference on Hot Sheet Metal Forming of High Performance Steel, CHS2, Luleå, Sweden, 9–12 June 2013, 465–472, 2013.

13.

Bain

E. C.

: ‘The alloying elements in steel’, 1939, Pittsburgh, ASM International.

14.

Abbaschian

, Abbaschian

and Reed-Hill

R. E.

: ‘Physical metallurgy principles’, 2009, Michigan, Cengage Learning.

15.

Metallic materials. Tensile testing. Method of test at ambient temperature, BS EN ISO 6892-1:2009.

16.

Standard recommended practice for determining volume fraction by systematic manual point count, ASTM E562-11.

17.

Standard methods for estimating the average grain size of metals, ASTM E112-12.

18.

Metallic materials – Vickers hardness test – Part 1: test method, BS EN ISO 6507-1:2005.

19.

Niakan

and Najafizadeh

: ‘Effect of niobium and rolling parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructure of dual phase steels’, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2010, 527, (21–22), 5410–5414. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2010.05.078

20.

Aaronson

V. F.

and Zackay

H. I.

: ‘Decomposition of austenite by diffusional processes’, 1962, Philadelphia, Interscience Publishers.

21.

Adcock

: Phase transformation behaviour in vanadium and niobium bearing hot rolled dual phase steels, Engineering Doctorate Thesis, Swansea University, United Kingdom, 2009.

Development of carbon–manganese–chromium steels for automotive hot stamping technologies

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References