Sin lugar a dudas, el estilo de comunicación de los padres influye en el desanollo del razonamiento moral de sus hijos. En este artículo se presentan las conclusiones de diversas investigaciones realizadas al respecto, mostrando cómo las pautas de comunicación familiar reflejan el «estadio» familiar de razonamiento moral y desarrollando, además, un modelo de tratamiento de temas morales entre compañeros de clase denominado discusión transactiva.
Las investigaciones sobre el papel de los padres en el desarrollo moral del niño sugieren que las pautas de comunicación paterna pueden favorecer o bloquear este desarrollo. Los padres afectivos que utilizan estrategias inductivas de comunicación y con tendencia a tratar abiertamente temas morales tendrán con mayor probabilidad hijos con un razonamiento moral más maduro. Para acelerar el desarrollo del razonamiento moral se propone un modelo de tratamiento denominado discusión transactiva, donde cada participante parafrasea o analiza y amplía el razonamiento de otro compañero de coloquio. Se han hecho muchos estudios utilizando el modelo transactivo y se ha concluido que una forma de comunicación paterna interactiva estimula el razonamiento moral.
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