El niño pasa la mayor parte del tiempo de clase escuchando. ¿Qué ocurre en esa actividad central? ¿Cómo desarrollarla? Este artículo expone los modelos actuales que intentan responder a esas preguntas y avanza un nuevo planteamiento. Tratar el contenido de la exposición oral como si fuera escrita permite con la misma actividad de escucha resolver dos importantes objetivos: a) mejorar la comprensión lectora de los alumnos y desarrollar las estrategias meta-cognitivas o conscientes de recepción y, b) al hacerlo, mejorar la comprensión tanto oral como lectora.
El niño dedica la mayor parte de su jornada escolar a escuchar. Es importante la instrucción de estas actividades de escucha para potenciar el desarrollo de la comprensión oral y la comprensión lectora. Existen diversos modelos sobre la instrucción de la escucha. La Actividad de Escucha Controlada (SLA) es uno de estos modelos y propone una actividad de escucha estructurada en cinco fases secuenciadas: Formación de conceptos, Objetivo de Escucha, Lectura en voz alta, Preguntas y Recitación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la aplicación de este modelo mejora la comprensión oral y también la conducta y atención de los estudiantes tanto durante como después de la actividad.
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