Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online 2023-09
The impact of mindfulness therapy in individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a systematic review ( El impacto de la terapia mindfulness en personas con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención/Hiperactividad (TDAH): una revisión sistemática )
Taking into account the complementary treatments used today, this study examines the impact of cognitive mindfulness therapy in persons with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA method, including a total of 34 experimental articles from scholarly journals indexed in Web of Science and Scopus whose year of publication is limited to the last five years (2017–2021). The variables studied the most in the scholarly publications are divided into two categories: cognitive (attention, concentration and emotional regulation) and behavioural (hyperactivity, impulsiveness and inhibitory control). A standard table reflects what variables are used in each publication examined. A strong positive impact was found for both types of variables after the application of this therapy, which produced positive effects in the samples. Mindfulness is a positive complementary treatment in people with ADHD.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Alpízar-VelázquezA. (2019). Desregulación emocional en población con TDAH; una aproximación teórica. Revista Costarricense de Psicología, 38(1), 17–36. https://doi.org/10.22544/rcps.v38i01.02
2.
American Psychiatric Association. (2014). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(5th ed.).
3.
BachmannK.LamA.SörösP.KanatM.HoxhajE.MatthiesS.FeigeB.MüllerH.ÖzyurtJ.ThielC.PhilipsenA. (2018). Effects of Mindfulness and psychoeducation on working memory in adult ADHD: A randomised, controlled fMRI study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 106, 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2018.05.002
4.
BigelowH.GottliebM. D.OgrodnikM.GrahamJ. D.FenesiB. (2021). The differential impact of acute exercise and mindfulness meditation on executive functioning and psycho-emotional well-being in children and youth with ADHD. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660845
5.
BögelsS.OortF.PotharstE.RoosmalenR.WilliamsJ.De BruinE. (2021). Family mindfulness training for childhood ADHD: Short and long-term effects on children, fathers and mothers. Mindfulness, 12(12), 3011–3025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01761-y
6.
BreauxR.DvorskyM. R.MarshN. P.GreenC. D.CashA. R.ShroffD. M.BuchenN.LangbergJ. M.BeckerS. P. (2021). Prospective impact of COVID-19 on mental health functioning in adolescents with and without ADHD: Protective role of emotion regulation abilities. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62(9), 1132–1139. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13382
7.
CairncrossM.MillerC. J. (2020). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapies for ADHD: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24(5), 627–643. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054715625301
8.
ClarkD.SeymourK.FindlingR.MostofskyS. (2020). Subtle motor signs as a biomarker for mindful movement intervention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 41(5), 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000795
9.
EvansS.BhideS.QuekJ.NicholsonJ.AndersonV.HazellP.MulraneyM.SciberrasE. (2020). Mindful parenting behaviors and emotional self-regulation in children with ADHD and controls. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 45(9), 1074–1083. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa073
10.
ForcadellE.AstalsM.TreenD.ChamorroJ.BatlleS. (2016). Entrenamiento en Mindfulness para pacientes con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH): Una revisión descriptiva. Revista de Psicoterapia, 27(103), 203–213. https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v27i103.54
11.
García-CampayoJ.SantedM. A.CerdánC.AldaM. (2007). Tratamiento del trastorno por déficit de atención. Formación Continuada, 39(12), 671–674. https://doi.org/10.1157/13113962
12.
García-MartínJ.García-SánchezJ. N. (2015). Efectos positivos del uso de blogs y wikis en variables psicoeducativas: Revisión de estudios internacionales (2010-2013). Estudios sobre educación, 29, 103–122. https://doi.org/10.15581/004.29.103-122
13.
García-MartínJ.PessoaT.García-SánchezJ. N. (2013). Estudos sobre a utilização em Portugal (2008-2012). Educação, Formação&Tecnologias, 6(1), 52–67. Disponible a partir de. http://eft.educom.pt
14.
GeurtsD.SchellekensM.JanssenL.SpeckensA. (2020). Mechanisms of change in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in adults with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 25(9), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054719896865
15.
GuY.XuG.ZhuY. (2018). A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for college students with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 22(4), 388–399. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054716686183
16.
HeparkS.JanssenL.De VriesA.SchoenbergP.DondersR.KanC.SpeckensA. (2019). The efficacy of adapted MBCT on core symptoms and executive functioning in adults with ADHD: A preliminary randomized controlled trial. Journal of Attention Disorders, 23(4), 351–362. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054715613587
17.
HoxhajE.SadoharaC.BorelP.D’AmelioR.SobanskiE.MüllerH.FeigeB.MatthiesS.PhilipsenA. (2018). Mindfulness vs psychoeducation in adult ADHD: A randomized controlled trial. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 268(4), 321–335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-018-0868-4
18.
HuguetA.IzaguirreJ.Miguel-RuízD.VallX.AldaJ. (2019). Deficient emotional self-regulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Mindfulness as a useful treatment modality. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 40(6), 425–431. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000682
19.
JanssenL.De VriesA.HeparkS.SpeckensA. (2020). The feasibility, effectiveness, and process of change of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for adults with ADHD: A mixed-method pilot study. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24(6), 928–942. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054717727350
20.
JanssenL.GruttersJ.SchellekensM.KanC.CarpentierP.SizooB.HeparkS.BuitelaarJ.SpeckensA. (2019). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus treatment as usual in adults with ADHD: A trial-based economic evaluation. Mindfulness, 10(9), 1803–1814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01133-7
21.
JanssenL.KanC.CarpentierP. J.SizooB.HeparkS.SchellekensM.DondersA.BuitelaarJ.SpeckensA. (2018). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy v. treatment as usual in adults with ADHD: A multicentre, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 49(1), 55–65. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718000429
22.
LarkinF.Hayiou-ThomasM. E.ArshadZ.LeonardM.WilliamsF.KatsenlouN.MaloutaR. N.MarshallC.DiamantopoulouM.TangE.ManiS.MeinsE. (2021). Mind-mindedness and stress in parents of children with developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(2), 600–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04570-9
23.
LesterE.MurrellA. (2018). Mindfulness interventions for college students with ADHD: A multiple single case research design. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 33(3), 199–220. https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2018.1450107
24.
LiC.KeeY. H.ZhangC.-Q.FanR. (2021). Predicting effects of ADHD symptoms and mindfulness on smartphone overuse in athletes: A basic psychological needs perspective. Sustainability, 13(11), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116027
25.
LondoñoL. (2009). La atención: Un proceso psicológico básico. Revista de la Facultad de Psicología Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, 5(8), 92–100. http://hdl.handle.net/11201/150730
26.
López-PinarC.Martínez-SanchísS.Carbonell-VayáE.Fenollar-CortésJ.Sánchez-MecaJ. (2018). Long-term efficacy of psychosocial treatments for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(639), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00638
27.
LoH.WongS.WongJ.YeungJ.SnelE.WongS. (2020). The effects of family-based mindfulness intervention on ADHD symptomology in young children and their parents: A randomized control trial. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24(5), 667–680. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054717743330
28.
MahJ. W. T.MurrayC.LockeJ.CarbertN. (2021). Mindfulness-enhanced behavioral parent training for clinic-referred families of children with ADHD: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Attention Disorders, 25(12), 1765–1777. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054720925882
29.
MathisE.DenteE.BielM. (2019). Applying mindfulness-based practices in child psychiatry. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 28(2), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2018.11.004
30.
MeyerJ.RamklintM.HallerbäckM. U.LööfM.IsaksoonJ. (2019). Evaluation of a structured skills training group for adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) – Study protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry, 19(171), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2133-4
31.
MowlemF. D.SkirrowC.ReidP.MaltezosS.NijjarS. K.MerwoodA.BarkerE.CooperR.KuntsiJ.AshersonP. (2019). Validation of the mind excessively wandering scale and the relationship of mind wandering to impairment in adult ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 23(6), 624–634. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054716651927
32.
MuratoriP.ConversanoC.LevantiniV.MasiG.MiloneA.VillaniS.BögelsS.GemignaniA. (2020). Exploring the efficacy of a mindfulness program for boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. Journal of Attention Disorders, 25(11), 1544–1553. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054720915256
33.
MusserE.NiggJ. (2019). Emotion dysregulation across emotion systems in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 48(1), 153–165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2016.1270828
34.
NilssonH. (2021). Mindfulness as a tool for ADHD drivers: A comparative study of higher levels of self-awareness. Journal of Disability & Religion, 25(2), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/23312521.2020.1775755
35.
PageM.McKenzieJ.BossuytP.BoutronI.HoffmanT.MulrowC.ShamseerL.TetzlaffJ.AklE.BrennanS.ChouR.GlanvilleJ.GrimshawJ.HróbjartssonA.LaluM.LiT.LoderE.Mayo-WilsonE.McDonaldS.MoherD. (2021). Declaración PRISMA 2020: Una guía actualizada para la publicación derevisiones sistemáticas. Revista Españolade Cardiología, 74(9), 790–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016
36.
PérezG. (2016). Mindfulness: Un complemento esperanzador para la intervención con TDAH. Educación y Futuro, 34, 109–131. http://hdl.handle.net/11162/155263
37.
PliszkaS. (2007). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(7), 894–921. https://doi.org/10.1097/chi.0b013e318054e724
38.
RosenstreichE.LeviU.Laslo-RothR. (2018). A matter of (inner) balance: The association between facets of mindfulness, attention deficit, and postural stability. Mindfulness, 9(5), 1627–1636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0909-0
39.
Salgado-PascualC. F.Martín-AntónL. J.CarboneroM. A. (2020). Impact of a mindfulness and self-care program on the psychological flexibility and well-being of parents with children diagnosed with ADHD. Sustainability, 12(18), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187487
ShawP.StringarisA.NiggJ.LeibenluftE. (2014). Emotion dysregulation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Reviews and overviews. Mechanisms of Psychiatric Illness, 171(3), 276–293. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13070966
42.
SibalisA.MilliganK.PunC.McKeoughT.SchmidtL.SegalowitzS. (2017). An EEG investigation of the attention-related impact of mindfulness training in youth with ADHD: Outcomes and methodological considerations. Journal of Attentions Disorders, 23(7), 733–743. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054717719535
43.
SiebelinkN.AshersonP.BögelsS.SpeckensA.BuitelaarJ.GrevenC. (2019). Genetic and environmental aetiologies of associations between dispositional mindfulness and ADHD traits: A population-based twin study. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(9), 1241–1251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01279-8
44.
SiebelinkN.BögelsS.BoerboomL.De WaalN.BuitelaarJ.SpeckensA.GrevenC. (2018). Mindfulness for children with ADHD and Mindful Parenting (MindChamp): Protocol of a randomised controlled trial comparing a family mindfulness-based intervention as an add-on to care-as-usual with care-as-usual only. BMC Psychiatry, 18(237), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1811-y
45.
SiebelinkN.KaijadoeS.HorssenF.HoltlandJ.BögelsS.BuitelaarJ.SpeckensA.GrevenC. (2020). Mindfulness for children with ADHD and Mindful Parenting (MindChamp): A qualitative study on feasibility and effects. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054720945023
46.
SiebelinkN. M.BögelsS. M.SpeckensA.DammersJ. T.WolfersT.BuitelaarJ. K.GrevenC. U. (2021). A randomised controlled trial (MindChamp) of a mindfulness-based intervention for children with ADHD and their parents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63(2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13430
47.
SimónV. (2007). Mindfulness y Neurobiología. Revista de Psicoterapia, 17(66/67), 5–30. https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v17i66/67.905
48.
SohlbergM.MateerC. (2001). Cognitive rehabilitation: An integrative neuropsychological approach. Introduction to cognitive rehabilition. The Guilford Press.
49.
StrålinE.ThorellL.SzybekK.LundgrenT.BölteS.BohmanB. (2021). Cognitive-behavioral group therapy for ADHD predominantly inattentive presentation: A feasibility study of a new treatment protocol. NordicPsychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/19012276.2021.2020683
50.
TorresC.TorrelS. (2013). Beneficios de la meditación en los adolescentes con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad: Revisión narrativa. Revista de psiquiatría infanto-juvenil, 4, 19–23. https://www.aepnya.eu/index.php/revistaaepnya/article/view/244
51.
Vaquerizo-MadridJ. (2005). Hiperactividad en el niño preescolar: Descripción clínica. Revista de Neurología, 40(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.40S01.2005037
