En este artículo se estudia la especificidad de los procesos de construcción de la representación de la figura de apego en el bebé y la naturaleza y función de este modelo interno en la adaptación al universo físico y social. Para ello, en primer lugar se analizan las teorías tradicionales, fundamentadas en la propuesta piagetiana sobre el desarrollo de la permanencia y la representación. A continuación se abordan los componentes sensomotores y emocionales de las unidades de interacción a partir de las cuales se construye el modelo interno de la figura de apego. La evolución de este proceso de construcción, partiendo del mero reconocimiento de recurrencia a la evocación de la representación de la figura materna, constituyente el objeto del tercer apartado. Por último, se presenta la noción de «modelos internos activos» propuesta por Bowlby, para conceptualizar este tipo especial de representación socio- afectiva y su papel en la relación del niño con el entorno humano y físico.
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