El propósito central de este artículo es presentar técnicas del análisis de tareas como una alternativa prometedora para el estudio de los procesos mentales. Para ello, hemos partido de una revisión crítica de dos procedimientos tradicionalmente utilizados con esta misma finalidad: el método introspectivo y el método clínico. Ambos presentan una serie de limitaciones e inconvenientes que hacen, al menos, cuestionable su utilidad. Por último, y a modo de ilustración de las técnicas de análisis de tareas, se incluye la aplicación de una de ellas en el marco de una investigación llevada a cabo sobre el estadio de las operaciones concretas piagetianas.
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