This study examined the effect of changing social circumstances on
adolescents’ future orientation. Focusing on the recent kibbutz crisis,
the future orientation of two cohorts of kibbutz and urban boys and girls
(N 438) who were high school seniors in 1984 and 1992 was analysed. Results
partly supported cohort, gender, and cohort by setting effects in
adolescents’ future orientation, indicating that: (1) the 1992 cohort
invested more in constructing prospective domains pertaining to adulthood (work
and career, marriage and family) and less in military service; (2)
the tendency of Israeli adolescents to construe a sex-typed future orientation was
stable over time; and (3) that the 1992 kibbutz cohort increased its investment in
work and career more than did the 1992 urban cohort. Results were
explained in terms of the adaptability of adolescent future orientation to changing
social circumstances, and in terms of Heckhausen’s (1977) principle of
least necessary expenditure.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Aviezer, O.
,
Van IJzendoorn, M.H.
,
Sagi, A.
, &
Schuengel, C.
(1994).
“Children of the dream” revisited: Seventy years of
collective early child care in Israeli kibbutzim
. Psychological Bulletin, 116,
99-116
.
2.
Avrahami, A.
, &
Dar, Y.
(1993).
Collective and individualistic motives among kibbutz youth volunteering for
community service
. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 22,
697-714
.
3.
Bakan, D.
(1966). The quality of human existence: Isolation and
communion in Western man.
Boston, MA: Beacon
.
4.
Ben Rafael, E., & Avrahami, E. (Eds.) (1994). Hakibbutz bemifne
hameaa: choshvim kibbutz [Kibbutz in transformation: Thinking kibbutz].
Ramat Efal, Israel: Yad Tabenkin.
5.
Brandow, S.K.
(1980).
Ideology, myth, and reality: Sex equality in Israel
. Sex Roles, 6,
403-419
.
6.
Bronfenbrenner, U.
(1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by
nature and design.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
.
7.
Dar, Y.
(1993).
Youth in the kibbutz: The prolonged transition to adulthood
. Israel Social Science Research, 8,
122-146
.
8.
Dar, Y.
(1995).
Kibbutz education: A sociological account
. Journal of Moral Education, 24,
225-244
.
9.
Devereux, E.C.
,
Shouval, R.
,
Bronfenbrenner, U.
,
Rodgers, R.R.
,
Kav-Venaki, S.
,
Kiely, E.
, &
Karson, E.
(1974).
Socialization practices of parents, teachers, and peers in Israel: The case
of the kibbutz vs. the city
. Child Development, 45,
269-282
.
10.
Elder, G.H.
,
Caspi, A.
, &
Burton, L.M.
(1988). Adolescent transition in developmental
perspective: Sociological and historical insight. In
M.R. Gunnar
&
W.A. Collins
(Eds.), Nebraska Symposia on Child Psychology, Vol. 23: Development
during transition to adolescence (pp. 151-179).
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
11.
Elder, G.H.
,
Modell, J.
, &
Parke, R.D.
(1994). Studying children in a changing world. In
G.H. Elder
,
J.J. Modell
, &
R.D. Parke
(Eds.), Children in time and place (pp.
3-21).
New York: Cambridge University Press
.
12.
Ezrahi, Y.
, &
Gal, R.
(1995). T”sot olam ve’amadot shel
talmidim bevatei sefer tichone’em clapei nos’ay chevra,
bitachon veshalom [World views and attitudes of high school students toward
social, security and peace issues].
Zichron Ya’akov, Israel: The Carmel
Institute for Social Studies
.
13.
Heckhausen, H.
(1977).
Achievement motivation and its constructs: A cognitive model
. Motivation and Emotion, 1,
283-329
.
14.
Helman, A.
(1994).
Privatization and the Israeli Kibbutz experience
. Journal of Rural Cooperation, 12,
19-32
.
15.
Horowitz, D.
, &
Lissak, M.
(1990). Mezookot beotopia [Trouble in utopia: The
overburdened polity in Israel].
Tel Aviv, Israel: Am Oved
.
16.
Israel Bureau of Statistics
(1993). Tozot habechirot laknesset ha-13 [Results of the
election to the 13th Knesset]. Special publication no. 925.
Jerusalem: Government Printing Office
.
17.
Lens, W.
, &
Moreas, M.-A.
(1994). Future time perspective: individual and societal
approach. In
Z. Zaleski
(Ed.), Psychology of future orientation (pp.
23-38).
Lublin, Poland: Towarzystwo Naykowe KUZ
.
18.
Levi, Y.
, &
Leviatan, U.
(1994).
Editors’ preface to special issue on the kibbutz in the mid
1990s: Crisis and changes
. Journal of Rural Cooperation, 12,
3-4
.
19.
Nathan, M.
,
Brandes, A.
, &
Peskin, H.
(1990). Together and separately: A follow up of kibbutz
born twelfth graders. In
Z. Lavi
(Ed.), Kibbutz members study Kibbutz children (pp.
190-203).
New York: Greenwood
.
20.
Nurmi, J.-E.
(1991).
How do adolescents see their future? A review of the development of future
orientation and planning
. Developmental Review, 11,
1-59
.
21.
Nuttin, J.
, &
Lens, W.
(1985). Future time perspective and motivation: Theory and
research method.
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
22.
Parsons, T.
(1964). Social structure and personality.
New York: The Free Press
.
23.
Raynor, J.O.
, &
Entin, E.E.
(1983).
The function of future orientation as a determinant of human behavior in
step-path theory of action
. International Journal of Psychology, 18,
463-487
.
24.
Rosner, M.
, &
Getz, S.
(1994).
Toward a theory of changes in the kibbutz
. Journal of Rural Cooperation, 12,
41-62
.
25.
Rosolio, D.
(1992).
Hashinuim haideologim hahalim bezoorat hahaim hakibbuzit vehashpaat
hamashber hacalcali hakibbuzi alehem [Ideological changes in the Kibbutz
lifestyle and the effect of the Kibbutz economic crisis on it
]. Shorashim, 7,
225-235
.
26.
Rosolio, D.
(1994).
The Kibbutz movement and the way it functions as a cause in the Kibbutz
crisis: A study in political economy
. Journal of Rural Cooperation, 12,
63-78
.
27.
Seginer, R.
(1986).
Jewish-Arab relations in Israel: A psychology of adolescence perspective
. Journal of Psychology, 120,
557-566
.
28.
Seginer, R.
(1988a).
Social milieu and future orientation: The case of kibbutz vs. urban adolescents
. International Journal of Behavioral Development,
11,
247-273
.
29.
Seginer, R.
(1988b).
Adolescent orientation toward the future: Sex role differentiation in
sociocultural context
. Sex Roles, 18,
739-757
.
30.
Seginer, R.
(1988c).
Adolescents facing the future: Cultural and sociopolitical perspectives
. Youth and Society, 19,
314-333
.
31.
Seginer, R.
(1992).
Future orientation: Age-related differences among adolescent females
. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 21,
421-437
.
32.
Seginer, R.
(1995). The hopes and fears of anticipated adulthood:
Adolescent future orientation in cross cultural context. In
G. Trommsdorff
(Ed.), Kinder und Jugend im Kulturvergleich (pp.
225-247).
Weinheim: Juventa
.
33.
Seginer, R.
, &
Halabi-Kheir, H.
(in press).
Adolescent passage to adulthood: Future orientation in the context of
culture, age, and gender
. International Journal of Intercultural Relations.
34.
Sharabany, R.
(1982).
Comradeship: Peer group relations among preadolescents in kibbutz vs. city
. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 8,
302-309
.
35.
Trommsdorff, G.
(1986). Future time orientation and its relevance for
development in action. In
R.K. Silbereisen
,
K. Eyferth
, &
G. Rudiger
(Eds.), Development as action in context: Problem behavior and normal
youth development (pp. 121-136).
New York: Springer
.
36.
Trommsdorf, G.
,
Burger, C.
, &
Fuchsle, T.
(1982). Social and psychological aspects of future
orientation. In
M. Irle
(Ed.), Studies in decision making (pp.
167-194).
New York: de Gruyter
.
37.
Trommsdorff, G.
,
Lamm, H.
, &
Schmidt, R.W.
(1979).
A longitudinal study of adolescents’ future orientation (time perspective
). Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 8,
131-147
.
38.
Turner, V.W.
(1969). The ritual process: Structure and
anti-structure.
Chicago, IL: Aldine
.
