The relationship between ethnic minority identity and global self-esteem continues to
be an important topic. In two studies among Turkish and Dutch early adolescents in
The Netherlands, it was found that both groups did not differ in global self-esteem.
However, the Turks indicated more positive ethnic self-esteem than the Dutch and
they more strongly endorsed family integrity as an individual tendency towards
collectivism. In addition, ethnic self-esteem was found to have a stronger positive
relation with global self-esteem among Turkish than Dutch participants. Further,
only among the Turks was family integrity positively related to ethnic self-esteem
and global self-esteem. Both the esteem derived from ethnic group membership as well
as family integrity contributed independently to global personal self-esteem among
the Turks. Among both ethnic groups boys had a more positive global (two studies)
and ethnic self-esteem (one study) than girls.
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