This paper uses US Census Bureau data from 1990 to identify employment centres in the five counties surrounding Cleveland, Ohio. The results indicate the extent to which the former dominance of downtown Cleveland has been eroded by the growth of suburban employment centres. Location quotient analysis is used to identify the specialisations of each of the employment centres. The results illustrate the extent to which the changes in urban form identified by researchers examining cities such as Los Angeles and Chicago have become the norm for cities throughout the US.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bingham, R.D. and Kimble, D. (1995) Industrial composition of edge cities and downtowns , Economic Development Quarterly, 9, pp. 259-272.
2.
Bogart, W.T. (1998) The Economics of Cities and Suburbs. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
3.
Ferry, W.C. (1997) Employment centers in Greater Cleveland. Senior honors thesis, Economics Department, Case Western Reserve University.
4.
Garreau, J. (1991) Edge City: Life on the New Frontier. New York: Doubleday.
5.
Giuliano, G. and Small, K.A. (1991) Subcenters in the Los Angeles region, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 21, pp. 163-182.
6.
Hamilton, B. (1975) Zoning and property taxation in a system of local governm ents, UrbanStudies, 12, pp. 205-211.
7.
Hartshorn, T.A. and Muller, P.O. (1992) The suburban downtown and urban economic development today, in: E. Mills and J. McDonald (Eds) Sources of Metropolitan Growth, pp. 147-158. New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Urban Policy Research.
8.
Henderson, J.V. (1988) Urban Development: Theory, Fact, and Illusion. New York: Oxford University Press.
9.
Isserman, A.M. (1980) Estimating export activity in a regional economy: a theoretical and empirical analysis of alternative methods, International Regional Science Review, 5, pp.155-184.
10.
Knight, R.V. (1973) Employment Expansion and Metropolitan Trade. New York: Praeger Press.
11.
McDonald, J. (1992) Assessing the development status of metropolitan areas, in: E. Mills and J. McDonald (Eds) Sources of Metropolitan Growth, pp. 86-121. New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Urban Policy Research.
12.
McDonald, J. and Prather, P. (1994) Suburbanemployment centres: the case of Chicago , Urban Studies, 31, pp. 201-218.
13.
McMillen, D. and McDonald, J. (1997) A non-parametric analysis of employment density in a polycentric city, Journal of Regional Science, 37, pp. 591-612.
14.
Neff, T.J. (1996) Traffic intersection volumes. Cleveland: Cuyahoga County Engineer.
15.
Shukla, V. and Waddell, P. (1991) Firm location and land use in discrete space: a study of the spatial structure of Dallas-Fort Worth, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 21, pp. 225-253.
16.
Tiebout, C. (1956) A pure theory of local expenditures, Journal of Political Economy, 64, pp.416-424.
