Effects of the contrast of target luminance and background luminance, and of the absolute level of target luminance, on representational momentum for the remembered final location of a previously viewed moving target were examined. Targets were high in contrast or luminance, decreasing in contrast or luminance, increasing in contrast or luminance, or low in contrast or luminance; the background was black or white. Representational momentum for target location was larger if targets were high or increasing in contrast or luminance and smaller if targets were low or decreasing in contrast or luminance. Representational momentum for target location was larger if targets were presented on a white background than on a black background. Implications for theories of localization and for theories of representational momentum are discussed.
Actis-GrossoR.BastianelliA.StucchiN. (2008). Direction of perceptual displacement of a moving target's starting and vanishing points: The key role of velocity. Japanese Psychological Research, 50, 253–263. doi:10.1111/j.1468–5884.2008.00381.x.
2.
BrehautJ. C.TipperS. P. (1996). Representational momentum and memory for luminance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 22, 480–501. doi:10.1037/0096–1523.22.2.480.
3.
BrennerE.SmeetsJ. B. J. (2000). Motion extrapolation is not responsible for the flash-lag effect. Vision Research, 40, 1645–1648. doi:10.1016/S0042–6989(00)00067–5.
4.
de sá TeixeiraN.HechtH.OliveiraA. M. (2013). The representational dynamics of remembered projectile locations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 39, 1690–1699. doi:10.1037/a0031777.
5.
EaglemanD. M.SejnowskiT. J. (2000). Motion integration and postdiction in visual awareness. Science, 287, 2036–2038. doi:10.1126/science.287.5460.2036.
6.
ElzeT.TannerT. G. (2012). Temporal properties of liquid crystal displays: Implications for vision science experiments, PloS ONE, 7(9):e44048. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044048.
7.
FavrettoA. (2002). Displaced representations of targets undergoing luminance transformations. unpublished doctoral dissertation, Department of Psychology, University of Trieste.
8.
FinkeR. A.FreydJ. J.ShyiG. C. W. (1986). Implied velocity and acceleration induce transformations of visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115, 175–188. doi:10.1037/0096–3445.115.2.175.
FreydJ. J.FinkeR. A. (1984). Representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10, 126–132. doi:10.1037/0278–7393.10.1.126.
11.
HayesA. E.FreydJ. J. (2002). Representational momentum when attention is divided. Visual Cognition, 9, 8–27. doi:10.1080/13506280143000296.
12.
HubbardT. L. (1993). The effect of context on visual representational momentum. Memory & Cognition, 21, 103–114. doi:10.3758/BF03211169.
13.
HubbardT. L. (1995). Environmental invariants in the representation of motion: Implied dynamics and representational momentum, gravity, friction, and centripetal force. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2, 322–338. doi:10.3758/BF03210971.
14.
HubbardT. L. (2005). Representational momentum and related displacement in spatial memory: Areview of the findings. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 12, 822–851. doi:10.3758/BF03196775.
15.
HubbardT. L. (2008). Representational momentum contributes to motion induced mislocalization of stationary objects. Visual Cognition, 16, 44–67. doi:10.1080/13506280601155468.
16.
HubbardT. L. (2014). The flash-lag effect and related mislocalizations: Findings, properties, and theories. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 308–338. doi:10.1037/a0032899.
17.
HubbardT. L. (in press). Forms of momentum across space: Representational, operational, and attentional. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0624-3.
18.
HubbardT. L.BharuchaJ. J. (1988). Judged displacement in apparent vertical and horizontal motion. Perception & Psychophysics, 44, 211–221. doi:10.3758/BF03206290.
19.
HubbardT. L.KumarA. M.CarpC. L. (2009). Effects of spatial cueing on representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35, 666–677. doi:10.1037/a0014870.
20.
HubbardT. L.RuppelS. E. (1999). Representational momentum and the landmark attraction effect. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 53, 242–256. doi:10.1037/h0087313.
21.
JohnstonH. M.JonesM. R. (2006). Higher order pattern structure influences auditory representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32, 2–17. doi:10.1037/0096–1523.32.1.2.
22.
JoordensS.SpalekT. M.RazmyS.van DuijnM. (2004). A Clockwork Orange: Compensation opposing momentum in memory for location. Memory & Cognition, 32, 39–50. doi:10.3758/BF03195819.
23.
KerzelD. (2000). Eye movements and visible persistence explain the mislocalization of the final position of a moving target. Vision Research, 40, 3703–3715. doi: 10.1016/50042–6989(00)00226–1.
KerzelD. (2003b). Mental extrapolation of target position is strongest with weak motion signals and motor responses. Vision Research, 43, 2623–2635. doi:10.1016/S0042–6989(03)00466–8.
26.
MausG. W.NijhawanR. (2006). Forward displacements of fading objects in motion: The role of transient signals in perceiving position. Vision Research, 46, 4375–4381. doi:10.1016/j.visres. 2006.08.028.
27.
MausG. W.NijhawanR. (2009). Going, going, gone: Localizing abrupt offsets of moving objects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 35, 611–626. doi:10.1037/a0012317.
28.
MungerM. P.MinchewJ. H. (2002). Parallels between remembering and predicting an object's location. Visual Cognition, 9, 177–194. doi:10.1080/13506280143000386.
29.
MungerM. P.SolbergJ. L.HorrocksK. K.PrestonA. S. (1999). Representational momentum for rotations in depth: Effects of shading and axis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 157–171. doi: 10.1037/0278–7393.25.1.157.
30.
NagaiM.YagiA. (2001). The pointedness effect on representational momentum. Memory & Cognition, 29, 91–99. doi:10.3758/BF03195744.
31.
NijhawanR. (2008). Visual prediction: Psychophysics and neurophysiology of compensation for time delays. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 31, 179–198. doi:10.1017/S0140525X08003804.
32.
ÖğmenH.PatelS. S.BedellH. E.CamuzK. (2004). Differential latencies and the dynamics of the position computation process for moving targets, assessed with the flash-lag effect. Vision Research, 44, 2109–2128. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2004.04.003.
ReedC. L.VinsonN. G. (1996). Conceptual effects on representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 22, 839–850. doi:10.1037/0096–1523.22.4.839.
35.
VerfaillieK.d'YdewalleG. (1991). Representational momentum and event course anticipation in the perception of implied periodical motions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17, 302–313. doi: 10.1037/0278–7393.17.2.302.
