In this paper we present a study of the effectiveness of the smart-growth initiatives in Maryland, USA, for shaping the spatial pattern of urban growth in the state by channeling development into designated areas. By estimating binary logit models of land conversion for selected counties in Maryland for both pre-smart-growth and post-smart-growth time periods, we find that the governmental policy has generally been successful in achieving its objective. However, there are significant variations across local counties in terms of policy effectiveness. Planners must pay much closer attention to these interjurisdictional differences in the effectiveness of smart-growth programs, examine the likely causes and consequences, and formulate strategies for making improvement.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AgarwalCGreenGMGroveJMEvansTPSchweikCM2002A Review and Assessment of Land-use Change Models: Dynamics of Space, Time, and Human Choice TR NE-297, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA
Ben-AkivaMLermanSR, 1985Discrete Choice Analysis: Theory and Application to Travel Demand (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA)
4.
BriassoulisH, 2000, “Analysis of land use change: Theoretical and modeling approaches”, in The Web Book of Regional Science Ed. LoveridgeS, http://www.rri.wvu.edu/regscweb.htm
5.
BurchellRWLowensteinGDolphinWRGalleyCCDownsASeskinSStillKGMooreT, 2002Costs of Sprawl—2000: TRCP Report 74 (National Academy Press, Washington, DC)
6.
CarruthersJIUlfarssonGF, 2002, “Fragmentation and sprawl: Evidence from interregional analysis”Growth and Change33312–340
7.
CohenJR, 2002, “Maryland's ‘Smart growth’: Using incentive to combat sprawl”, in Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences and Policy Response Ed. SquiresG (Urban Institute Press, Washington, DC)
8.
DanielsTDanielsK, 2003Environmental Planning Handbook (APA, Chicago, IL)
9.
DomencichTMcFaddenD, 1975Urban Travel Demand: A Behavioral Analysis (North-Holland, Amsterdam)
10.
DowallDE, 1984The Suburban Squeeze: Land Conversion and Regulation in the San Francisco Bay Area (University of California Press, Berkeley, CA)
11.
DownsA, 1998, “The big picture: How America's cities are growing”Brookings Review16(4) 8–11
12.
DownsA, 1999, “Some realities about sprawl and urban decline”Housing Policy Debate10955–974
13.
EPA, 2000Projecting Land-use Change: A Summary of Modelsfor Assessing the Effects of Community Growth and Change on Land-use Patterns EPA/600/R-00/098, US Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH
14.
EwingR, 1997, “Is Los Angeles style sprawl desirable?Journal of the American Planning Association63107–126
15.
GujaratiD, 1970, “Use of dummy variables in testing for equality between sets of coefficients in two linear regressions: A note”American Statistician2450–52
16.
HandyS, 1996, “Understanding the link between urban form and non-work travel behavior”Journal of Planning Education and Research15183–198
17.
HowlandMSohnJ, forthcoming, “Has Maryland's priority funding areas initiative constrained the expansion of water and sewer investments?Land Use Policy
18.
JantzCAGoetzSJShelleyMK, 2003, “Using the SLEUTH urban growth model to simulate the impacts of future policy scenarios on urban land use in the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area”Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design31251–271
19.
KitamuraTKagatsumeMHoshinoSMoritaH, 1997A Theoretical Consideration on the Land-use Change Model for the Japan Case Study Area IR-97-064, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
20.
KlineJD, 2000, “Comparing states with and without growth management analysis based on indicators with policy implications comment”Land Use Policy17349–355
21.
LandisJD, 2001, “Unpublished project report on urban sprawl in California”, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, MA
22.
LandisJZhangM, 1998a, “The second generation of the California urban futures model. Part 1: Model logic and theory”Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design25657–666
23.
LandisJZhangM, 1998b, “The second generation of the California urban futures model. Part 2: Specification and calibration results of the land-use change submodel”Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design25795–824
24.
McCauleySGoetzSJ, 2004, “Mapping residential density patterns using multi-temporal landsat imagery and a decision-tree classifier”International Journal of Remote Sensing251077–1094
25.
Maryland Office of Planning, 1991Maryland's Land 1973–1990: A Changing Resource publication 91–8, Maryland Department of Planning, 301 W. Preston Street, Suite 1101, Baltimore, MD 21201–2305
MoritaHHoshinoSKagatsumeMMizunoK, 1997An Application of the Land-use Change Model for the Japan Case Study Area IR-97-065, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria, http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/Documents/IR-97-065.pdf
28.
NelsonAC, 1999, “Comparing states with and without growth management: Analysis based on indicators with policy implications”Land Use Policy16121–127
PendallR, 1999, “Do land-use controls cause sprawl?Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design26555–571
31.
ShenQ, 1996, “Spatial impacts of locally enacted growth controls: The San Francisco Bay Region in the 1980s”Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design2361–91
32.
ShenQ, 1998, “Location characteristics of inner-city neighborhoods and employment accessibility of low-wage workers”Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design25345–365
33.
ShenQ, 2000, “New telecommunciations and residential location flexibility”Environment and Planning A321445–1463
StehmanSVWickhamJDSmithJHYangL, 2003, “Thematic accuracy of the 1992 national land-cover data for the eastern United States: Statistical methodology and regional results”Remote Sensing of Environment86500–516
37.
VogelmannJESohlTLCampbellPVShawDM, 1998, “Regional land cover characterization using landsat thematic mapper data and ancillary data sources”Environmental Monitoring and Assessment51415–428
38.
WegenerM, 1994, “Operational urban models: State of art”Journal of the American Planning Association6017–30
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
