From recent debates on governance and governmentality, two key analytical imperatives arise: the need to engage simultaneously with the structures and processes of governing, and the need to recognise the plurality and multiplicity of governing sites and activities. In seeking to address these imperatives, we develop an analytical approach, the modes of governing approach, which engages with the rationalities, agencies, institutional relations, and technologies of governing that coalesce around particular objectives and entities to be governed. Drawing on the example of municipal waste management, we illustrate how this framework can illuminate the dynamic and multiple nature of governing, and outline the key modes of governing which currently shape the policy and practice of municipal waste.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BorzelT A, 1998, “Organizing Babylon: on the different conceptions of policy networks”Public Administration76252–273
BryantR, 2002, “Non-governmental organizations and governmentality: ‘consuming’ biodiversity and indigenous people in the Philippines”Political Studies50268–292
4.
BulkeleyHWatsonMHudsonRWeaverP, 2005, “Governing municipal waste: towards a new analytical framework”Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning73–25
5.
CoafeeJHealyP, 2003, “‘My voice, my place’: tracking transformations in urban governance”Urban Studies401979–1999
6.
COSU, 2002Waste Not Want Not: A Strategy for Tackling the Waste Problem in EnglandCabinet Office Strategy Unit, London
7.
CowellRMurdochJ, 1999, “Land use and the limits to (regional) governance: some lessons from planning for housing and minerals in England”International Journal of Urban and Regional Research23654–669
8.
DarierE, 1996, “The politics and power effects of garbage recycling in Halifax, Canada”Local Environment163–86
9.
DaviesJ, 2002, “The governance of urban regeneration: a critique of the ‘governing without government’ thesis”Public Administration80301–322
10.
DavoudiS, 2000, “Planning for waste management: changing discourses and institutional relationships”Progress in Planning53: 165–216
11.
DavoudiSEvansN, 2004, “The challenge of governance in regional waste planning”, paper presented at AESOP, Grenoble, July; copy available from Centre for Urban Development and Environmental Management, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds LS1 3HE
12.
DeanM, 1999Governmentality: Power and Rule in Modern Society (Sage, London)
DETR, 2000Waste Strategy 2000 for England and WalesDepartment for Transport, Local Government and the Regions, London
18.
EntwistleT, 1999, “Towards sustainable waste management: central steering, local enabling or autopoiesis?”Policy and Politics27375–388
19.
EunomiaHummelJ, 2002, “The legislative driven economic framework: promoting MSW recycling in the UK”, Eunomia Research and Consulting, Little King Street, Bristol BS1 4HW
20.
GandyM, 1994Recycling and the Politics of Urban Waste (Earthscan, London)
21.
GordonC, 1991, “Governmental rationality: an introduction”, in The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality Eds BurchellGGordonCMillerP (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL) pp 1–51
22.
GrayT J, 1997, “Environment, policy and municipal waste management in the UK”Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series2269–90
23.
HaahrH J, 2004, “Open co-ordination as advanced liberal government”Journal of European Public Policy11209–230
24.
HajerM, 2003, “Policy without polity? Policy analysis and the institutional void”Policy Sciences36175–195
25.
Herbert-CheshireL, 2003, “Translating policy: power and action in Australia's country towns”Sociologia Ruralis43454–473
26.
HoogheLMarksG, 1996, “Contending models of governance in the European Union”, in Europe's Ambiguous Unity: Conflict and Consensus in the Post-Maastricht Era Eds CafrunyALankowskiC (Lynne Rienner, Boulder, CO) pp 21–44
27.
JessopB, 1997, “The governance of complexity and the complexity of governance: preliminary remarks on some problems and limits of economic guidance”, in Beyond Market and Hierarchy: Interactive Governance and Social Complexity Eds AminAHuanerJ (Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, Glos) pp 95–128
28.
JessopB, 2002The Future of the Capitalist State (Polity Press, Cambridge)
29.
JessopB, 2003, “The political economy of scale and European governance”Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie96225–230
30.
JordanA, 2001, “The European Union: an evolving system of multi-level governance… or government?”Policy and Politics29193–208
31.
JordanAWurzelRZitoA, 2003, “Has governance eclipsed government? Patterns of environmental instrument selection and use in eight states and the EU”, WP EDM 03–15, Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment, University of East Anglia, Norwich
32.
Kohler-KochB, 1999, “The evolution and transformation of European governance”, in The Transformation of Governance in the European Union Eds Kohler-KochBEisingR (Routledge, London) pp 14–35
33.
KooimanJ, 2003Governing as Governance (Sage, London)
34.
LowndesV, 2001, “Rescuing Aunt Sally: taking institutional theory seriously in urban politics”Urban Studies381953–1971
35.
LuckinDSharpL, 2004, “Remaking local government through community participation? The case of the UK community waste sector”Urban Studies411485–1505
36.
MacKinnonD, 2000, “Managerialism, governmentality and the state: a neo-Foucauldian approach to local economic governance”Political Geography19293–314
37.
MacLeodGGoodwinM, 1999, “Space, scale and state strategy: rethinking urban and regional governance”Progress in Human Geography23503–527
38.
MurdochJ, 2000, “Space against time: competing rationalities in planning for housing”Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series25503–519
39.
MurdochJ, 2004, “Putting discourse in its place: planning, sustainability and the urban capacity study”Area3650–58
40.
OwensSCowellR, 2002Land and Limits: Interpreting Sustainability in the Planning Process (Routledge, London)
41.
PettsJ, 2001, “Evaluating the effectiveness of deliberative processes: waste management case studies”Journal of Environmental Planning and Management44207–226
42.
PierreJPetersG, 2000Governance, Politics and the State (Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hants)
43.
RacoM, 2003, “Governmentality, subject-building and the discourses and practices of devolution in the UK”Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series2875–95
44.
RacoMImrieR, 2000, “Governmentality and rights and responsibilities in urban policy”Environment and Planning A322187–2204
45.
RhodesR, 1996, “The new governance: governing without government”Political Studies44652–667
46.
RhodesR, 1997Understanding Governance: Policy Networks, Governance, Reflexivity and Accountability (Open University Press, Milton Keynes, Bucks)
47.
RisseT, 2004, “Global governance and communicative action”Government and Opposition39288–313
48.
SchoutAJordanA, 2003, “Coordinated European governance: self organising or centrally steered?”, WP EDM 03–14, Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment, University of East Anglia, Norwich
49.
SkogstadG, 2003, “Legitimacy and/or policy effectiveness? Network governance and GMO regulation in the European Union”Journal of European Public Policy10321–338
UitermarkJ, 2005, “The genesis and evolution of urban policy: a confrontation of regulationist and governmentality approaches”Political Geography24137–163
54.
WhiteheadM, 2003, “‘In the shadow of hierarchy’: meta-governance, policy reform and urban regeneration in the West Midlands”Area356–14
