In this paper the impact of regions on the evolution and development of technology is examined via a new paper-making technology (the twin-wire machine) as a case study. In particular, differences in raw material and physical environmental conditions, consumer tastes and preferences, and industrial organization and corporate strategies between the two regions, North America and Europe, provided different demand and supply conditions for the development of the twin-wire technology. These conditions initially influenced the development of different twin-wire trajectories in North America and Europe. Later on, these trajectories began to converge as the supply and demand conditions, which had established them, began to change.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AttwoodB W, 1988, “Lest we forget”, Keynote Address, The XXIII EUCEPA Conference, Harrogate Conference Center, Harrogate, England, 31 May–3 June; copy available from St Anne's Paper and Paperboard Developments, 5 Haythorne Court, Staple Hill, Bristol BS16 5QS
2.
BollingerLHopeKUtterbackJ M, 1983, “A review of literature and hypothesis on new technology-based firms”Research Policy121–14
3.
BrittonJ N H, 1985, “Research and development in the Canadian economy: Sectoral, ownership, locational and policy issues”, in The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change Eds ThwaitesA TOakeyR P, (St Martin's Press, New York) pp 67–114
4.
BuswellR J, 1983, “Research and development and regional development: A review”, in Technological Change and Regional Development Ed. GillespieA, (Pion, London) pp 9–22
5.
BuswellR JLewisE W, 1970, “The geographical distribution of industrial research activity in the United Kingdom”Regional Studies4297–306
6.
BuswellR JEasterbrookR PMorphetC S, 1985, “Geography, regions and research and development activity”, in The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change Eds ThwaitesA TOakeyR P, (St Martin's Press, New York) pp 36–66
7.
CastagneM R, 1965, “The future of forming”Paper Industry47(9) 33–54
8.
DankbarB, 1990, “International competition and national institutions: The case of the automobile industry”, in New Explorations in the Economics of Technical Change Eds FreemanCSoeteL, (Frances Pinter, London) pp 157–173
9.
DosiG, 1982, “Technological paradigms and technological trajectories: A suggested interpretation of the determinants and direction of technical change”Research Policy11147–162
10.
DosiG, 1984Technical Change and Industrial Transformation (Macmillan, London)
11.
EdwardsAGibbsD C, 1982, “Regional development, process innovation and characteristics of the firm”, in Technology: A Key Factor for Regional Development Ed. MaillatD, (Georgi, Saint-Saphorin) pp 121–142
12.
FreemanC, 1982Economics of Industrial Innovationsecond edition (Frances Pinter, London)
13.
FreemanC, 1987Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan (Frances Pinter, London)
14.
FreemanCPerezC, 1988, “Structural crises of adjustment: Business cycles and investment behaviour”, in Technical Change and Economic Theory Eds DosiGFreemanCNelsonRSilverbergGSoeteL, (Frances Pinter, London) pp 38–66
15.
GibbsD CEdwardsA, 1985, “Diffusion of new product innovations in British industry”, in The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change Eds ThwaitesA TOakeyR P, (St Martin's Press, New York) pp 132–163
16.
HägerstrandT, 1967Innovation Diffusion as a Spatial Process translated by PredA, (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL)
17.
HayterR, 1982, “Research and development in the Canadian forest product sector—another weak link?”Canadian GeographerXXVI(3) 256–263
18.
HowardJ, 1973, “The Fourdrinier and the twin-wire former”Indian Pulp & Paper28(5) 21–25
19.
LeHeronR B, 1973, “Best-practice technology, technical leadership and regional economic development”Environment and Planning5735–749
20.
MalashenkoA, 1983, “The Dominion Dynaformer”, paper presented at the Twin-Wire Seminar, Buena Vista; copy available from Valmer Paper Machinery, 1 Rue Provost Lachine, Quebec, Canada H8S 4H2
21.
MaleckiE J, 1979, “Location trends in R&D by large US corporations 1965–1977”Economic Geography55309–323
22.
MaleckiE J, 1980a, “Corporate organization of R and D and the location of technological activities”Regional Studies14219–234
23.
MaleckiE J, 1980b, “Dimensions of R&D location in the United States”Research Policy92–22
24.
MaleckiE J, 1985, “Public sector research and development and regional economic performance”, in The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change Eds ThwaitesA TOakeyR P, (St Martin's Press, New York) pp 115–131
25.
MaleckiE J, 1986, “Research and development and the geography of high-technology complexes”, in Technology, Regions and Policy Ed. ReesJ, (Rowman and Littlefield, Totowa, NJ) pp 51–74
26.
MolleW, 1983, “Technological change and regional development in Europe”Papers of the Regional Science Association5223–38
27.
MoweryDRosenbergN, 1979, “The influence of market demand upon innovation: A critical review of some recent empirical studies”Research Policy8102–153
28.
NelsonR, 1984High Technology Policies: A Five Nation Comparison (American Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC)
29.
NelsonR, 1988, “Institutions supporting technical change in the United States”, in Technical Change and Economic Theory Eds DosiGFreemanCNelsonRSilverbergGSoeteL, (Frances Pinter, London) pp 312–329
30.
NelsonR RWinterS, 1977, “In search of a useful theory of innovation”Research Policy636–76
31.
NormanB, 1979, “Principles of twin-wire forming”Paper Technology and Industry June, pages 183–187
32.
OakeyR PThwaitesA TNashP A, 1982, “Technological change and regional development: Some evidence on regional variations in product and process innovation”Environment and Planning A141073–1086
33.
Ofori-AmoahB, 1990, “Technology choice in a global industry: The case of the twin-wire in Canada”, unpublished PhD thesis, Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
34.
PatrickK, 1986, “Beloit's future looks bright, steady growth expected by Harnischfeger”Pulp & Paper May, pages 66–69
35.
PioreM JSabelC F, 1984The Second Industrial Divide (Basic Books, New York)
36.
PorterM E, 1990The Competitive Advantage of Nations (Free Press, New York)
37.
ReesJBriggsRHicksD, 1985, “New technology in the United States' machinery industry: Trends and implications”, in The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change Eds ThwaitesA TOakeyR P, (St Martin's Press, New York) pp 164–194
38.
ReesJBriggsROakeyR, 1986, “The adoption of new technology in the American machinery industry”, in Technology, Regions and Policy Ed. ReesJ, (Rowman and Littlefield, Totowa, NJ) pp 187–217
39.
RosenbergN, 1969, “The direction of technological change: Inducement mechanisms and focussing devices”Economic Development and Cultural Change181–24
40.
RosenbergN, 1976Perspectives on Technology (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge)
41.
RosenbergN, 1982Inside the Black Box (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge)
42.
RothwellR, 1981, “Pointers to government policies for technical innovation”Futures13171–183
43.
RothwellRZegveldW, 1985Reindustrialization and Technology (Longman, London)
44.
SabelC FHerrigelG BDeegRKazisR, 1989, “Regional prosperities compared: Massachusetts and Baden-Wurtemberg in the 1980s”Economy and Society18375–404
45.
SahalD, 1985, “Technological guideposts and innovation avenues”Research Policy1461–82
46.
SaxenianA, 1983, “The genesis of Silicon Valley”Built Environment97–17
47.
SchmooklerJ, 1966Invention and Economic Growth (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA)
48.
SchumpeterJ A, 1939Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process (McGraw-Hill, New York)
49.
SchumpeterJ A, 1943Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (Harper and Row, New York)
50.
SinkeyJ DWahrenD, 1986, “Quality comparisons of twin-wire and Fourdrinier papers”Tappi Journal69(9) 110–113
51.
StorperMWalkerR, 1989The Capitalist Imperative: Territory, Technology and Industrial Growth (Basil Blackwell, New York)
52.
ThomasM D, 1985, “Regional economic development and the role of innovation and technological change”, in The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change Eds ThwaitesA TOakeyR P, (St Martin's Press, New York) pp 13–35
53.
ThorpB A, 1985, “Evolution of twin-wire formers has been rapid since first 1958 startup”Pulp & Paper April, pages 155–159
54.
ThwaitesA T, 1978, “The employment implications of technological change in a regional context”, in Technological Change and Regional Development Ed. GillespieA, (Pion, London) pp 36–53
55.
ThwaitesA T, 1982, “Some evidence of regional variations in the introduction and diffusion of industrial products and processes within British manufacturing industry”Regional Studies16371–381
56.
VerseputH W, 1972, “One hundred years of growth and change in multi-ply board”Paper Trade Journal 27 May, pages 164–169
