This article adds to previous research, by connecting the concept of resistance to practices of self-making and the embodying of various gendered images. In this article, I advance that women politicians, activists and NGO workers in Cambodia, who seem to repeat and maintain established gender discourses, actually use these discourses and the existence of a multilayered figuration as a ‘hiding place’. This can be understood as various gendered discourses and figurations being utilised as resistance. In order to further explore this pattern, the article introduces the concepts of hide-and-show resistance and layer-cake figurations. The notion of figurations, as situated and culturally differentiated, becomes an important starting point, displaying resistance that originates from the way we are constituted in a local–transnational, material and fast-changing world.
AhmedS., 2004. The Cultural Politics of Emotion.Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
2.
AhmedS., 2009. Collective feelings: or, the impressions left by others. Theory, Culture & Society, 21(2), pp. 25–42.
3.
BaazM., LiljaM., and ÖstlundA., 2017. Legal pluralism, gendered discourses and hybridity in land-titling practices in Cambodia. Journal of Law and Society, 44(2), pp. 200–227.
4.
BaazM., LiljaM., and VinthagenS., 2017. Resistance and Social Change: A Critical Approach to Theory and Practice.London and New York: Rowman & Littlefield International.
5.
BarberyM., 2006. L'Élégance du Hérisson [The Elegance of the Hedgehog]. Paris: Gallimard. [in French].
6.
BarkerJ., HarmsE., and LindquistJ., 2013. Figures of Southeast Asian Modernity.Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
7.
BlaagaardB., and van der TuinI., 2014. The Subject of Rosi Braidotti Politics and Concepts.London: Bloomsbury.
BraidottiR., 2011a. Nomadic Subjects: Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Contemporary Feminist Theory.New York: Columbia University Press.
10.
BraidottiR., 2011b. Nomadic Theory: The Portable Rosi Braidotti.New York: Columbia University Press.
11.
BrickellK., 2011. The ‘stubborn stain’ on development: gendered meanings of housework (non-)participation in Cambodia. Journal of Development Studies, 47(9), pp. 1353–1370.
12.
BrickellK., 2014. ‘The whole world is watching’: intimate geopolitics of forced eviction and women's activism in Cambodia. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 104(6), pp. 1256–1272.
13.
ButlerJ., 1995. Subjection, resistance, resignification: between Freud and Foucault. In RajchmanJ., ed. The Identity in Question.New York: Routledge, pp. 229–250.
14.
ButzD., 2002. Resistance, representation and third space in Shimshal Village, Northern Pakistan. ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, 1(1), pp. 15–34.
15.
CloughP.T., and HalleyJ., 2007. The Affective Turn: Theorizing the Social.Durham: Duke University Press.
16.
DeleuzeG., 1994 [1968]. Difference and Repetition.New York: Columbia University Press.
17.
DerksA., 2008. Khmer Women on the Move: Exploring Work and Life in Urban Cambodia.Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
18.
EdwardsP., 2008. The moral geology of the present: structuring morality, menace and merit. In KentA., and ChandlerD., eds. People of Virtue: Religion, Power and Moral Order in Cambodia Today.Copenhagen: NIAS Press, pp. 213–240.
19.
ErikssonM., 2013. Wronged white men: what kind of conversation can or should there be between feminism and anti-feminism?Nora—Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 21(4), pp. 249–263.
FergusonK., 1993. The Man Question: Visions of Subjectivity in Feminist Theory.Berkeley: University of California Press.
22.
FoucaultM., 1988. Technologies of the self. In MartinL.H., GutmanH., and HuttonP.H., eds. Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault.Amherst: The University of Massachusetts Press.
23.
FoucaultM., 1991 [1975]. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.Harmondsworth: Penguin.
24.
FrithH., 2015. Visualising the ‘real’ and the ‘fake’: emotion work and the representation of orgasm in pornography and everyday sexual interactions. Journal of Gender Studies, 24(4), pp. 386–398.
25.
HannerzU., 2003. Being there … and there … and there! Reflections on multi-site ethnography. Ethnography, 4(2), pp. 201–216.
26.
HeckathornD.D., 1997. Respondent-driven sampling: a new approach to the study of hidden populations. Social Problems, 44(2), pp. 174–199.
27.
HenryK., JusováI., and WestermanJ., 2014. Nomadic encounters: turning difference toward dialogue. In BlaagaardB., and van der TuinI., eds. The Subject of Rosi Braidotti: Politics and Concepts.New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 148–157.
28.
Hickey-MoodyA., 2013. Affect as method: feelings, aesthetics and affective pedagogy. In ColemanR., and RingroseJ., eds. Deleuze and Research Methodology.Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 79–95.
29.
HochschildA.R., 1983. The Managed Heart.Berkeley: University of California Press.
30.
HollanderJ.A., and EinwohnerR.L., 2004. Conceptualizing resistance. Sociological Forum, 19(4), pp. 533–554.
31.
HolmbergC., 1993. Det Kallas Kärlek: En Socialpsykologisk Studie om Kvinnors Underordning och Mäns Överordning bland Unga Jämställda Par [It is Called Love: A Study in Social Psychology of Women's Subordination and Men's Superiority among Equal Couples]. Göteborg: Anamma förlag [in Swedish].
32.
JacobsenT., 2008. Lost Goddesses: The Denial of Female Power in Cambodian History.Copenhagen: NIAS Press.
33.
KentA., 2011. Global change and moral uncertainty: why do Cambodian women seek refuge in Buddhism?Global Change, Peace and Security, 23(3), pp. 405–419.
34.
KoivunenA., 2010. An affective turn? Reimagining the subject of feminist theory. In LiljeströmM., and PaasonenS., eds. Working with Affect in Feminist Readings: Disturbing Differences.New York: Routledge.
35.
LedgerwoodJ., 1996. Politics and gender: negotiating conceptions of the ideal women in present day Cambodia. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 37(2), pp. 139–152.
LICADHO, 2014. ‘Good Wives’: Women Land Campaigners and the Impact of Human Rights Activism.Phnom Penh: LICADHO.
38.
LiljaM., 2008. Power, Resistance and Women Politicians in Cambodia: Discourses of Emancipation.Copenhagen: Nias Press.
39.
LiljaM., 2016a. (Re)figurations and situated bodies: gendered shades, resistance and politics in Cambodia. Signs, 41(3), pp. 677–699.
40.
LiljaM., 2016b. Resisting Gendered Norms Civil Society, the Juridical and Political Space in Cambodia.New York: Routledge.
41.
MarcusE.G., 1995. Ethnography in/of the world system: the emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, pp. 95–117.
42.
MitchellT., 1990. Everyday metaphors of power. Theory & Society, 19, pp. 545–577.
43.
MonroS., 2005. Gender Politics: Citizenship, Activism and Sexual Diversity.London: Pluto Press.
44.
NixonS., 1997. Exhibiting masculinity. In HallS., ed. Representation: Cultural Representation and Signifying Practices.London: Sage, pp. 291–336.
45.
SalganikM.J., and HeckathornD.D., 2004. Sampling and estimation in hidden populations using respondent-driven sampling. Sociological Methodology, 34(1), pp. 193–240.
46.
SharpJ.P., RoutledgeP., PhiloC., and PaddisonR., 2000. Entanglements of power: geographies of domination/resistance. In SharpJ.P., RoutledgeP., PhiloC., and PaddisonR., eds. Entanglements of Power: Geographies of Domination/Resistance.London: Routledge, pp. 1–42.
47.
ScottJ.C., 1989. Everyday forms of resistance. Copenhagen Papers, 4, pp. 33–62.
48.
ThompsonA., 2016. Engendering the Buddhist State.Abingdon and New York: Routledge.
