Abstract
Introduction
Sacral fractures can result from a range of injury mechanisms. While sacral fractures typically result from high-energy injuries, there is increasing identification of low-energy insufficiency fractures of the sacrum and pelvis in elderly and osteoporotic patients. The pattern, location, and stability of the fracture also vary greatly. Stable nondisplaced fractures are usually treated nonoperatively, while significantly displaced fractures require reduction and internal fixation.
Materials and Methods
Observational, longitudinal, retrospective study of patients diagnosed sacrum fracture at the Leon hospital from 1 January 2010 until 31 December 2014. We collected sociodemographic variables, types of fractures, treatments and sequelae. We did a statistical analysis using SPSS software v22.0
Results
55 patients, 56,1% men, 39.3 years. The pelvic fracture occur in ~50,9% of sacral fractures. Etiology: 40% precipitates, 27% traffic crash, 23% hit by car. 64% had associated fracture in the superior extremities, 56% in the lower extremities, 50% had vertebral fractures. There were 7% of deaths. Denis classification more frequent were 1 and 2. 14% had spinopelvic dissociation, 80% were men of 32,4 years, 70% were suicidal jumpers. The kind more frequent of Transverse Sacral Fractures was H and U.
Conclusion
Sacral fractures can be classified based on anatomical and morphological characteristics. This classification serves an important purpose in that it helps the surgeon identify fractures more commonly associated with neural compromise as well as those fractures requiring surgical fixation.