Abstract
Introduction
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition with enormous personal and social costs. To develop preventive strategies, the determination of epidemiological features and causes is required. The aim of this study was to describe the hospital-based incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury in Tehran, Iran.
Material and Methods
In a retrospective study in Tehran hospitals, the records of traumatic SCI patients, admitted between March 2010 and July 2011 were surveyed.
Results
138 cases of traumatic spinal cord injury were identified. The majority of patients were male (84.8%). The mean age was 33.2 ± 14.3 years. 54.3% patients were residing in Tehran and the others were referred from other cities. The mean annual incidence of hospitalized traumatic spinal cord injury patients of Tehran was 10.5/1,000,000/year (95% confidence interval: 9–12). Fall was the leading cause of injury (45.7%), followed by road traffic crash (40.6%). The most common cause of tetraplegia (cervical traumatic spinal cord injury) was road traffic crash. The duration of hospital stay for tetraplegia and paraplegia (thoracic and lumbar traumatic spinal cord injury) was 22.7 ± 23.7 and 12.5 ± 7.5, respectively (p < 0.001). Early surgery (surgical decompression within 24 hour) was done for 19% of the patients. The median day of hospitalization for early and late surgery was 7.5 and 12, respectively (p = 0.044).
Conclusion
Preventing traumatic spinal cord injury should focus on males, age group of 21–30 years, falls and road traffic crash. More studies are suggested to evaluate the incidence of non-hospitalized traumatic spinal cord injury patients.