Abstract
Fluorescence has been a valuable tool for years in the biotechnology laboratory. Fluorescent assays provide high sensitivity and specificity that enable development of massively multiplexed high-throughput analysis systems. However, the frequent need for con-focal lens systems and high-power laser beams can make this technology prohibitively expensive for some.
From simple immunoassays to complex fluorescence resonance energy transfer reactions, fluorescently labeled biomolecules are used in biotechnology laboratories everywhere by scientists benefiting humanity. Advances in fluorescent biotools have driven advances in science, with fluorescence playing a key role in quantitative PCR, DNA sequencing, micro-arrays, flow cytometry, high-throughput screening, and many other critical biotechnology techniques.
To meet the need for high-throughput analysis of DNA and proteins, high-density DNA and protein microarrays and high-resolution microarray laser scanners have been developed that create previously unheard of throughput. Using 2.1-million feature arrays coupled with a 24-slide autoloader, 50 million data points can be generated in just 12 hours! This ability to combine ultrahigh throughput with multiplexing opens doors for fast and effective DNA and protein interrogation for critical applications such as clinical diagnostics and systems biology.
In this issue, new techniques are introduced that provide the advantages of fluorescent detection while keeping the cost within reason. A key component to cost containment is preventative maintenance so you will read about innovative systems that use fluorescence to calibrate and verify accurate dispensing of automated liquid handlers and pipettes. Many researchers simply need a relatively low-resolution snapshot of the fluorescence levels from a basic one-color unit such as the one described in this issue. Clinical testing and genetic analysis are becoming more common every day so you will read about ways automated fluorescent assays and DNA microarrays are used to create better, faster, and more cost-effective tests that can improve lives and help bring down the cost of health care.
The breadth and depth of exciting developments in fluorescent analysis of biomolecules is constantly expanding, so this special issue admittedly represents only a small fraction of today's available technology.
I hope you find it absorbing and enlightening!
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