Background: Self-management can improve health behaviors and influence reduction of vascular risk. We developed a 1-year self-management intervention and investigated its effect on vascular risk factors and quality of life in patients with different vascular diseases.
Design and methods: This observational cohort study involved 223 patients (self-management group, n = 125; usual care group n = 98) with at least two modifiable vascular risk factors.
Results: Patients in the self-management group achieved treatment goals for LDL-cholesterol (difference 13%; 95%CI 1–26) and HDL-cholesterol (difference 9% 95%CI 0–19) significantly more often than did patients in the usual care group. Mean systolic blood pressure decreased significantly by 5 mm Hg (95%CI − 9 to 0) in the self-management group and mean BMI increased significantly by 0.4 kg/m2 (95%CI − 0.8 to − 0.1) in the usual care group. No significant differences were seen in waist circumference, smoking, or triglycerides. General health (RAND36) improved more in the self-management group (by 8 points 95%CI 3–12) than in the usual care group.
Conclusion: After 1 year, the self-management intervention was more effective than usual care on several important vascular risk factors in patients with vascular diseases.
Practice implications: This self-management intervention used in a hospital population may be applicable in different care settings.
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