Alkaline earth metabolism in adult man

Marshall J. H. , Measurements and Models of Skeletal Metabolism, pp. 1–122 in Mineral Metabolism, Vol. III: Calcium Physiology (Edited by Comar C. L. Bronner F. ), Academic Press, New York (1969).

Lloyd E. Hodges D. , Quantitative Characterization of Bone: A Computer Analysis of Microradiographs, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 78, 230 (1971).

Smith C. J. , Argonne National Laboratory, DISCOM Interpretive System, Technical Memo 203 (1970).

Marshall J. H. , Theory of Alkaline Earth Metabolism, J. Theoretical Biology, 6, 386 (1964).

Norris W. P. Tyler S. A. Brues A. M. , Retention of Radioactive Bone Seekers, Science, 128, 456 (1958).

Tyler S. A. , On a Modification of the Power Function Description of Body Burden from Measured Retention, Argonne National Laboratory. Semiannual Report, ANL-5841 (1958), p. 132.

Rundo J. , Long-Term Retention of Radium in Man, Nature, 221, 1059 (1969).

Marshall J. H. Rundo J. Harrison G. E. , Retention of Radium in Man, Radiat. Res. 39, 445 (1969).

Marotti G. De Lena M. Il rinnovamento della spugnosa delle vertebre in cani di varia, etc. La Clinica Ortopedica, XVIII (6), 518–534, 1966 (and personal communication).

Barrer R. M. , Diffusion In and Through Solids, Cambridge University Press (1951), pp. 45–46.

Marshall J. H. Onkelinx C. , Radial Diffusion and Power Function Retention of Alkaline Earth Radioisotopes in Adult Bone, Nature, 217, 742 (1968).

Keane A. T. Evans R. D. , Radium and Mesothorium Toxicity in Human Beings, Mass. Inst. of Technology. Annual Report, MIT-952-1 (1964) through MIT 952–5 (1968).

Cohn S. H. Spencer H. Samachson J. Robertson J. S. , The Turnover of Strontium-85 in Man as Determined by Whole Body Counting, Radiat. Res. 17, 173 (1962).

Bishop M. Harrison G. E. Raymond W. H. A. Sutton A. Rundo J. , Excretion and Retention of Radioactive Strontium in Normal Men Following a Single Intravenous Injection, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2, 125 (1960).

Rundo J. , The Retention of Barium-133 in Man, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 13, 301 (1967) and personal communication (1970).

Liniecki J. , personal communication.

Harrison G. E. Carr T. E. F. Sutton Alice , Distribution of Radioactive Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium Following Intravenous Injection into a Healthy Man, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 13, 235 (1967).

Frost H. M. Villanueva A. R. Roth H. , Measurement of Bone Formation in a 57-year-old Man by Means of Tetracyclines, Henry Ford Hospital Bulletin, 8, 239 (1960).

Villanueva A. R. Frost H. M. Ilnicki L. Frame B. Smith R. Arnstein R. , Cortical Bone Dynamics Measured by Means of Tetracycline Labelling in 21 Cases of Osteoporosis, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 68, 599 (1966).

Pirok D. J. Ramser J. R. Takahashi H. Villanueva A. R. Frost H. M. , Normal Histological and Tetracycline Parameters in Human Ribs, Henry Ford Hospital Bulletin, 14, 195 (1966).

Frost H. M. , Tetracycline-Based Histological Analysis of Bone Remodeling, Calcified Tissue Research, 3, 211 (1969).

Jowsey J. Kelly P. J. Riggs B. L. Bianco A. J. Scholz D. A. Gershon-Cohen J. , Quantitative Microradiographic Studies of Normal and Osteoporotic Bone, J. Bone and Joint Surgery, 47A, 785 (1965).

Villanueva A. R. Ramser J. R. Frost H. M. Arnstein A. R. Frame B. Smith R. W. , Tetracycline-Based Quantitative Measurements of the Tissue and Cell Dynamics in 10 Cases of Osteoporosis, Clinical Orthopaedics, and Related Research, 46, 203 (1966).

Heaney R. P. Bauer G. C. H. Bronner F. Dymling J. F. Lafferty F. W. Nordin B. E. C. Rich C. , A Normal Reference Standard for Radiocalcium Turnover and Excretion in Humans, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 64, 21 (1964).

Kerley E. R. , The Microscopic Determination of Age in Human Bone, Am. J. Physical Anthropology, 23, 149 (1965).

Cohen J. Maletskos C. J. Marshall J. H. Williams J. B. , Radioactive Tracer Studies in Bone Grafts, J. Bone and Joint Surgery, 39A, 561 (1957).

Bauer G. C. H. Carlsson A. Lindquist B. , A Comparative Study on the Metabolism of ⁹⁰Sr and ⁴⁵Ca, Acta Physiol. Scand. 35, 56 (1955).

Marshall J. H. Jowsey J. Rowland R. E. , Microscopic Metabolism of Calcium in Bone, IV. ⁴⁵Ca Deposition and Growth Rate in Canine Osteons, Radiat. Res. 10, 243 (1959).

Comar C. L. Wasserman R. H. Nold M. M. , Strontium-Calcium Discrimination Factors in the Rat, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 92, 859 (1956).

Rowland R. E. , Microscopic Metabolism of ²²⁶Ra in Canine Bone and its Bearing on the Radiation Dosimetry of Internally Deposited Alkaline Earths, Radiat. Res. 15, 126 (1961).

Harris W. H. Jackson R. H. Jowsey J. , The In Vivo Distribution of Tetracyclines in Canine Bone, J. Bone and Joint Surgery, 44-A, 1308 (1962).

Liniecki J. , Kinetics of Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium in Rabbits, Health Phys. 21, 367 (1971).

Rowland R. E. , Exchangeable Bone Calcium, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 49, 233 (1966).

Groer P. G. Marshall J. H. , Mechanism of Calcium Exchange at Bone Surfaces, Argonne National Laboratory. Annual Report, ANL-7860 (1971). Submitted to Calcified Tissue Research (1972).

Riggs B. L. Marshall J. H. Jowsey J. Heaney R. P. Bassingthwaight J. B. , Quantitative ⁴⁵Ca Autoradiography of Human Bone, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 78, 585 (1971).

International Commission on Radiological Protection, Report of Committee 2 on Permissible Dose for Internal Radiation, Health Physics, 3, see 146–151 (1960).

Tipton I. H. , Personal communication to C. W. Mays (March 1968).

Maletskos C. J. Keane A. T. Telles N. C. Evans R. D. , Retention and Absorption of ²²⁴Ra and ²³⁴Th and Some Dosimetric Considerations of ²²⁴Ra in Human Beings, Delayed Effects of Bone-Seeking Radionuclides, Univ. of Utah Press (1969), p. 29.

Sissons H. A. , Personal communication.

Lee W. R. , Bone Formation in Paget's Disease, J. Bone and Joint Surgery, 49-B, 146 (1967).

Sears K. A. Jee W. S. S. Mays C. W. , Radium Dosimetry, Univ. Utah Coll. Med. Radiobiol. Div. Report COO-226 (1962) p. 86.

Lloyd E. , Quantitative Autoradiography of ⁴⁵Ca in Bone, Calcified Tissues (Edited by Richelle L. J. Dallemagne M. J. ), Collection Colloq., Univ. Liege (1965) p. 381.

Geigy Scientific Tables, p. 555 (Edited by Diem K. Lentner C. ), Basle, Switzerland (1970).

Harrison G. E. Carr T. E. F. Sutton A. Rundo J. , Plasma Concentration and Excretion of ⁴⁷Ca, ⁸⁵Sr, ¹³³Ba, and ²²³Ra Following Successive Intravenous Doses to a Healthy Man, Nature, 209, 526 (1966).

Comar C. L. , Some Principles of Strontium Metabolism, Implications, Applications, Limitations, in Strontium Metabolism (Edited by Lenihan J. M. A. Loutit J. F. Martin J. H. ), Academic Press, New York (1967) p. 17.

Marshall J. H. , Radioactive Hotspots, Bone Growth, and Bone Cancer; Self-burial of Calcium-like Hotspots, in Radioisotopes and Bone (Edited by Lacroix P. Budy A. ), F. A. Davis Co., Philadelphia (1962) pp. 35–50.

Standard Man, A report of ICRP Committee 2, in preparation.

Spiers F. W. , Radioisotopes in the Human Body, Physical and Biological Aspects, Academic Press, New York (1968).

International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 11, A Review of the Radiosensitivity of the Tissues in Bone, Pergamon Press, London (1968).

Rowland R. E. Leuer C. J. , An Evaluation of the Incomplete Gamma Function Over a Range of Biologically Significant Values, Argonne National Laboratory, Radiological Physics Division Annual Report, ANL 6398, (1961) p. 24.

Evans R. D. , The Atomic Nucleus, Radioactive Series Decay, McGraw-Hill, New York (1955) p. 479.

Jowsey J. , Age and Species Differences in Bone, The Cornell Veterinarian, 58, 74 (1968).

Ellsasser J. C. Farnham J. E. Marshall J. H. , Comparative Kinetics and Autoradiography of ⁴⁵Ca and ¹³³Ba in Ten-Year-Old Beagle Dogs. J. Bone and Joint Surgery 51-A, 1397 (1969).

Tomlinson R. W. S. Wall M. Osborn S. B. Anderson J. , Radiocalcium Studies in Normal Subjects, Calcified Tissue Research, 1, 197 (1967).

Marshall J. H. Rowland R. E. Jowsey J. , Microscopic Metabolism of Calcium in Bone. II. Quantitative Autoradiography, Radiat. Res. 10, 213 (1959).

Mays C. W. Lloyd R. D. Christensen W. R. Atherton D. R. Pitchford G. S. , Radium Metabolism in a Man, Radiat. Res. 19, 210 (1963), plus data from C. W. Mays (1968).

Müller J. Thomas J. , The Course in Time of the Strontium Retention in Man, Health Phys. 14, 285 (1968).

Cohn S. H. Lippincott S. W. Gusmano E. A. Robertson J. S. , Comparative Kinetics of ⁴⁷Ca and ⁸⁵Sr in Man, Radiat. Res. 19, 104 (1963).

Snyder W. S. Cook M. J. Ford M. R. , Estimates of (MPC)w for Occupational Exposure to ⁹⁰Sr, ⁸⁹Sr, and ⁸⁵Sr. Health Phys. 10, 171 (1964).

Kulp J. L. Schulert A. R. , Strontium-90 in Man. V, Science, 136, 619 (1962).

United States Atomic Energy Commission Health and Safety Laboratory, Fallout Program Quarterly Summary Reports, HASL 147 (1964) through HASL 237 (1970).

Loutit J. F. , Personal communication (May 3,1971).

Rivera J. , Predicting Strontium-90 Concentrations in Human Bone, Strontium Metabolism, (Edited by Lenihan J. M. A. Loutit J. F. Martin J. H. ), Academic Press (1967) p. 47.

Kulp J. L. Schulert A. R. Hodges E. J. , Strontium-90 in Man. IV, Science, 132, 448 (1960).

Norris W. P. Speckman T. W. Gustafson P. F. , Studies of the Metabolism of Radium in Man, Am. J. Roentgenol., Radiat. Therapy and Nuclear Medicine, 73, 785 (1955).

Miller C. E. Finkel A. J. , Radium Retention in Man After Multiple Injections; The Power Function Re-Evaluated, Am. J. Roentgenol, Radiat. Therapy and Nuclear Medicine, 103, 871 (1968).

Miller C. E. Finkel A. J. , A Reexamination of Retention Patterns in Patients who Received Radium by Multiple Injections 33 Years Earlier, Health Division Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Group, Argonne National Laboratory. Annual Report, ANL 7217 (1965) p. 7.

Schlundt H. Nerancy J. T. Morris J. P. , The Detection and Estimation of Radium in Living Persons IV. The Retention of Soluble Radium Salts Administered Intravenously, Am. J. Roentgenol., Radiat. Therapy, 30, 515 (1933).

Miller C. E. Finkel A. J. , Radium Retention in Mice After Single Intravenous Injection, Radiat. Res. 26, 269 (1965).

Mays C. W. Van Dilla M. A. Floyd R. L. Arnold J. S. , Radon Retention in Radium-Injected Beagles, Radiat. Res. 8, 480 (1958).

Decker C. F. Kaspar L. V. Norris W. P. , The Variation of Strontium Metabolism with Age in the Dog, Radiat. Res. 23, 475 (1964).

Lucas H. F. Jr. Marshall J. H. Barrer L. A. , The Level of Radium in Human Blood Forty Years After Ingestion, Radiat. Res. 41, 637 (1970).

Stehney A. F. Lucas H. F. Jr. , Studies on the Radium Content of Humans Arising from the Natural Radium of Their Environment, Proc. First International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, 11, 49 (1956).

(Natural Radium in Man), Department of Medical Physics, Leeds (in preparation), (1972).

Rowland R. E. Marshall J. H. , Radium in Human Bone: The Dose in Microscopic Volumes of Bone, Radiat. Res. 11, 299 (1959).

Harper R. A. Posner A. S. , Measurement of Non-Crystalline Calcium Phosphate in Bone Mineral, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 122, 137 (1966).

Robinson R. A. , Observations Regarding Compartments for Tracer Calcium in the Body, Bone Biodynamics, (Edited by Frost H. M. ), Little Brown and Company, Boston (1964) p. 430.

Rowland R. E. Jowsey J. Marshall J. H. , Microscopic Metabolism of Calcium in Bone III. Microradiographic Measurements of Mineral Density, Radiat. Res. 10, 234 (1959).

Marshall J. H. , The Retention of Radionuclides in Bone, Delayed Effects of Bone-Seeking Radionuclides (Edited by Mays C. W. ) Univ. of Utah Press (1969) p. 7.

Belanger L. F. Robichon J. Migicovsky B. B. Copp D. H. Vincent J. , Resorption Without Osteoclasts (Osteolysis), Mechanisms of Hard Tissue Destruction, (Edited by Sognnaes R. F. ), Am. Assoc. Advance. Sci., Washington, D.C. (1963) p. 531.

Spiess H. Mays C. W. , Bone Cancers Induced by ²²⁴Ra (ThX) in Children and Adults, Health Phys. 19, 713 (1970), plus addendum in Health Phys. 20, 543 (1971).

Marinelli L. D. Miller C. E. Lucas H. F. Jr. , Retention of Radium in Man from Twenty to Twenty-Nine Years after Intravenous Administration and Some of Its Physiologic Implications, Radiology, 78, 544 (1962).

Rowland R. E. , Resorption and Bone Physiology, Bone Biodynamics, (Edited by Frost H. M. ), Little Brown and Company, Boston (1964) p. 335.

Anderson J. Tomlinson R. W. S. Osborn S. B. Wise M. E. , Radiocalcium Turnover in Man, Lancet, 930 (1967).

Liniecki J. , Personal communication (1972).

Lee W. R. Marshall J. H. Sissons H. A. , Calcium Accretion and Bone Formation in Dogs: An Experimental Comparison Between the Results of ⁴⁵Ca Kinetic Analysis and Tetracycline Labelling, J. Bone and Joint Surgery, 47-B, 157 (1965).

Phang J. M. Berman M. Finerman G. A. Neer R. M. Rosenberg L. E. Hahn T. J. , Dietary Perturbation of Calcium Metabolism in Normal Man: Compartmental Analysis, J. Clin. Invest. 48, 67 (1969).

Schulert A. R. Peets E. A. Laszlo D. Spencer H. Charles M. Samachson J. , Comparative Metabolism of Strontium and Calcium in Man, Int. J. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 4, 144 (1959).

Spencer H. , Personal communication (1964).

Maletskos C. J. Keane A. T. Telles N.C. Evans R. D. , The Metabolism of Intravenously Administered Radium and Thorium in Human Beings and the Relative Absorption from the Human Gastrointestinal Tract of Radium and Thorium in Simulated Radium Dial Paints, Radioactivity Center, Mass. Inst. of Technology Annual Report, MIT-952–3, (1966) p. 202.

Mays C. W. , Personal communication (1964).

Marinelli L. D. Lucas H. F. Jr. Miller G. E. , Elimination and Retention of ²²⁶Ra in Humans: A Ten-Year Follow-up of a Single Inhalation Case, Radiological Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Report ANL-5967 (May 1959) p. 54 and personal communication (November 26,1962).

Mays C. W. , Personal communication (1968).

Bauer G. C. H. Carlsson A. Lindquist B. , Accretion, Resorption, and Exchange, Metabolism and Homeostatic Function of Bone, Mineral Metabolism, Vol. 1, Part B (Edited by Comar C. L. Bronner F. ), Academic Press, New York (1961) p. 618.