5. Uranium

Bassett S. H. Frenkel A. Cedars N. VanAlstine H. Waterhouse C. Cusson K. (1948). The Excretion of Hexavalant Uranium following Intravenous Administration. II. Studies on Human Subjects, pp. 1–57. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester.

Bernard S. R. Struxness E. G. (1957). A Study of the Distribution and Excretion of Uranium in Man. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, ORNL-2304.

Bernard S. R. Muir J. R. Royster G. W. (1957). The distribution and excretion of uranium in man. In: Proceedings of the Health Physics Society First Annual Meeting, pp. 33–48.

Bhattacharyya M. H. Larsen R. P. Cohen N. Ralston L. G. Moretti E. S. Oldham R. D. Ayres L. (1989). Gastrointestinal absorption of plutonium and uranium in fed and fasted adult baboons and mice: Application to humans. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 26, 159–165.

Brambell F. M. R. (1970). Transmission of passive immunity from mother to young. Frontiers. In: Biology, Vol. 18, Amsterdam, North Holland.

Broadway J. A. Strong A. B. (1983). Radionuclides in human bone samples. Health Phys. 45, 765–768.

Campbell E. E. McInroy J. F. Schulte H. F. (1975). Uranium in the tissue of occupationally exposed workers. In: Conference on Occupational Health: Experience with Uranium, ERDA 93, pp. 324–349. Arlington, VA, April 28–30, 1975.

Chevari S. Likhner D. (1968). Complex formation of natural uranium in the blood. Med. Radiol. 13, 53–57 (Russian), ANL-tr-898.

Cooper J. R. Stradling G. N. Smith H. Ham S. E. (1982). The behaviour of uranium-233 oxide and uranyl-233 nitrate in rats. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 41, 421–433.

Donoghue J. K. Dyson E. D. Hislop J. S. Leach A. M. Spoor N. L. (1972). Human exposure to natural uranium: A case history and analytical results from some postmortem tissues. Br. J. Industr. Med. 29, 81–89.

Durbin P. W. (1984). Metabolic models for uranium. In: Biokinetics and Analysis of Uranium in Man ( Moore R. H. ed.). United States Uranium Registry, USUR-05, HEHF-47, 1984:F1-F65. Available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22151.

Fisenne I. M. Perry P. M. (1985). Isotopic U concentration in human blood from New York City donors Health Phys. 49, 1272–1275.

Fisenne I. M. Welford G. A. (1986). Natural U concentrations in soft tissues and bone of New York City residents. Health Phys. 50, 739–746.

Fisenne I. M. Perry P. M. Harley N. H. (1988). Uranium in humans. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 24, 127–131.

Gonzales E. R. McInroy J. F. (1991). The distribution of uranium in two whole bodies. Abstracts of papers presented at the 36th annual meeting of the Health Physics Society. Health Phys. 60 (Suppl. 2), 51.

Harduin J. C. Royer Ph. Piechowski J. (1994). Uptake and Urinary Excretion of Uranium after Oral Administration in Man. Proc. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 53 (1–4), 245–248.

Harrison J. D. (1991). The gastrointestinal absorption of the actinide elements. Sci. Total Environ. 100, 43–60.

Hursh J. B. Spoor N. L. (1973). Data in man. In: Uranium, Plutonium and Transplutonium Elements, 197–239 ( Hodge H. C. Stannard J. N. Hursh J. B. eds) Springer, Berlin.

Hursh J. B. Neuman W. R. Toribara T. Wilson H. Waterhouse C. (1969). Oral ingestion of uranium by man. Health Phys. 17, 619–621.

ICRP (1979). Limits for Intakes of Radionuclides by Workers. ICRP Publication 30, Part 1. Annals of the ICRP 2(3/4), Pergamon Press, Oxford.

ICRP (1988). Individual Monitoring for Intakes of Radionuclides by Workers: Design and Interpretation , ICRP Publication 54. Annals of the ICRP 19(1–3), Pergamon Press, Oxford.

ICRP (1989). Age-dependent Doses to Members of the Public from Intake of Radionuclides: Part 1 , ICRP Publication 56. Annals of the ICRP 20(2), Pergamon Press, Oxford.

ICRP (1993). Age-dependent Doses to Members of the Public from Intake of Radionuclides: Part 2 Ingestion Dose Coefficient , ICRP Publication 67. Annals of the ICRP 23(3/4), Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford.

Igarashi Y. Yamakawa A. Seki R. Ikeda N. (1985). Determination of U in Japanese human tissues by the fission track method. Health Phys. 49, 707–712.

Jones E. S. (1966). Microscopic and autoradiographic studies of distribution of uranium in the rat kidney. Health Phys. 12, 1437–1451.

Kathren R. L. McInroy J. F. Moore R. H. Dietert S. E. (1989). Uranium in the tissues of an occupationally exposed individual. Health Phys. 57, 17–21.

Kisieleski W. Faraghan W. G. Norris W. P. Arnold J. S. (1952). The metabolism of uranium-233 in mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 104, 459–467.

Larsen R. P. Orlandini K. A. (1983). Gastrointestinal absorption of uranium in man. In: Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Research Division Annual Report, 46–50, July 1982–June 1983. ANL-83-100-Pt.2, Argonne, IL.

Leggett R. W. (1989). The behaviour and chemical toxicity of uranium in the kidney: A reassessment. Health Phys. 57, 365–383.

Leggett R. W. (1992). A generic age-specific biokinetic model for calcium-like elements. Radiat. Protect. Dosim. 41, 183–198.

Leggett R. W. Harrison J. D. (1995). Fractional absorption of ingested uranium in humans. Health Phys. 68, 484–498.

Lianquing L. Guiyun L. (1990). Uranium concentration in bone of Beijing (China) residents. Sci. Total Environ. 90, 267–272.

Limson-Zamora M. L. Zielinski J. Falcomer R. A. (1992). A study of the human urinary excretion of chronically ingested uranium — insights on the gastrointestinal absorption factor. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of IRPA, Vol. II, pp. 1085–1088.

Lipsztein J. L. (1981). An Improved Model for Uranium Metabolism in the Primate, Ph.D. Dissertation, New York University.

Lucas H. F. Markun F. (1970). Thorium and uranium in blood, urine, and cigarettes. In: Radiological Physics Division Annual Report, 47–52, July 1969–June 1970, Argonne National Laboratory, ANL-7615.

Luessenhop A. J. Gallimore J. C. Sweet W. H. Struxness E. G. Robinson J. (1958). The toxicity in man of hexavelant uranium following intravenous administration. Am. J. Roentgenol. 79, 83–100.

Morrow P. E. Gelein R. M. Beiter H. D. Scott J. B. Picano J. J. Yuile C. L. (1982). Inhalation and intravenous studies of UF₆/UO₂F₂ in dogs. Health Phys. 43, 859–873.

Muir J. R. Fish B. R. Jones E. S. Gillum N. L. Thompson J. L. (1960). Distribution and excretion of uranium. In: Health Physics Division Annual Progress Report for Period Ending July 31, 1960, pp. 272–273. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge, TN, ORNL-2994.

NEA/OECD (1988). Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health. Report of an Expert Group on Gut Transfer Factors. NEA/OECD, Paris.

Neuman W. F. Fleming R. W. Dounce A. L. Carlson A. B. O'Leary J. Mulryan B. (1948). The distribution and excretion of injected uranium. J. Biol. Chem. 173, 737–748.

Priest N. D. Howells G. R. Green D. Haines J. W. (1982). Uranium in bone: Metabolic and autoradiographic studies in the rat. Human Toxicol. 1, 97–114.

Roberts A. M. Coulston D. J. Bates T. H. (1977). Confirmation of in vivo uranium-in-chest survey by analysis of autopsy specimens. Health Phys. 32, 435–437.

Rowland R. E. Farnham J. E. (1969). The deposition of uranium in bone. Health Phys. 17, 139–144.

Singh N. P. Lewis L. L. Wrenn M. E. (1986). Uranium in human tissues of Colorado, Pennsylvania and Utah populations. In: Thirty-first Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society, Vol. 50, p. S83 (abstract), June 29–July 3, 1986, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. New York: Pergamon Press.

Singh N. P. Bennett D. B. Wrenn M. E. Saccomanno G. (1987). Concentrations of alpha-emitting isotopes of U and Th in uranium miners' and millers' tissues. Health Phys. 53, 261–265.

Sontag W. (1984). Long-term behaviour of Pu-239, Am-241 and U-233 in different bones of one-year-old rats: Macrodistribution and macrodosimetry. Human Toxicol. 3, 469–483.

Spencer H. Osis D. Fisenne I. M. Perry P. M. Harley N. H. (1990). Measured intake and excretion patterns of naturally occurring ²³⁴U, ²³⁸U, and calcium in humans. Rad. Res. 124, 90–95.

Stevens W. Bruenger F. W. Atherton D. R. Smith J. M. Taylor G. N. (1980). The distribution and retention of hexavelant ²³³U in the beagle. Radiat. Res. 83, 109–126.

Struxness E. G. Luessenhop A. J. Bernard S. R. Gallimore J. C. (1956). The distribution and excretion of hexavelant uranium in man. In: Proceedings of International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Vol. 10, pp. 186–195. New York, United Nations.

Sullivan M. F. (1980). Absorption of actinide elements from the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal animals. Health Phys. 38, 173–185.

Sullivan M. F. Gorham L. S. (1982). Further studies on the absorption of actinide elements from the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal animals. Health Phys. 43, 509–519.

Svyatkina N. S. Novikov Yu. V. (1975). The problem of absorption of natural uranium in the gastrointestinal tract of man. Gig. Sanit. J. 43(1), 43–45.

Terepka A. R. Toribara T. Y. Neuman W. F. (1964). Skeletal Retention of Uranium in Man. Abstract 22, 46th meeting of the endocrine society, San Francisco, CA, (see pp. 206–207 of Hursh and Spoor, 1973).

Wrenn M. E. Durbin P. W. Howard B. Lipzstein J. L. Rundo J. Still E. T. Willis D. L. (1985). Metabolism of Ingested U and Ra. Health Phys. 48, 601–603.

Wrenn M. E. Singh N. P. Ruth H. Rallison M. I. Burleigh D. P. (1989). Gastrointestinal absorption of soluble uranium from drinking water by man. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 26, 119–122.

Wrenn M. E. Bertelli L. Durbin P. W. Singh N. P. Lipsztein J. L. Eckerman K. F. (1994). A comprehensive metabolic model for uranium metabolism and dosimetry based on human and animal data. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 53(1–4), 255–258.